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Alain Touraine
(1925–)Frenchpost-Marxist sociologist with a strong interest in social movements and the possibility of people-led politics. Born in the wealthy seaside resort town of Hermanville-sur-Mer in ...
community safety
A concept which is sometimes used interchangeably with that of ‘crime prevention’ in criminological debates. The argument that the community can be both the cause (as, for instance, in some of the ...
Daniel Bell
(1919 –)A sociologist and journalist whose books have had a significant impact on public debates about the political, economic, and cultural transformations of the post–World War II era. Three ...
David Harvey
(1935–)British*Marxistgeographer. Born in Kent, Harvey completed both his BA and PhD at St Johns College, Cambridge. His first appointment was at the University of Bristol, where he remained for a ...
deindustrialization
A substantial fall in the importance of the manufacturing sector in the economy of an industrialized nation as it becomes uncompetitive with its neighbours. This may result from bad industrial ...
flexible work
These terms are part of a widespread debate about changing industrial structure and work organization. It is argued that increasing national and international competition is forcing greater ...
Fordism
A system of production based on mass standardization and especially the use of assembly lines. It is named after Henry Ford, who revolutionized automobile production with these techniques at the ...
Fredric Jameson
(1934–)Marxist cultural critic. Born in Cleveland Ohio, Jameson was educated at Haverford College and Yale University. He is renowned for his landmark essay, ‘Postmodernism, or, the Cultural Logic of ...
industrial democracy
Participation in company management by employees. This may take the form of including directors elected by employees on the board of directors. See also employees' share scheme.
industry
A sector of the economy in which firms use similar factor inputs to create a group of related products and/or services. The extraction of natural resources, including agriculture, is primary ...
information society
A concept that responds to the expansion and ubiquity of information. The term has been in use since the 1970s, but has gained in popularity and is now widely used in social and political policy. ...
intellectuals
Persons whose main activity is the production or evaluation of ideas. In most contexts, the term implies a degree of independence from state or official functions. The role of intellectuals ...
intelligentsia
Intellectuals or highly educated people as a group, especially when regarded as possessing culture and political influence. The word comes (in the early 20th century) from Russian intelligentsiya, ...
international division of labour
The allocation of various parts of the production process to different places in the world. ‘The world economy is organized through horizontal and vertical linkages of an international division of ...
Morris Janowitz
(1919 –1988)An American sociologist best known for his studies of structures of social control within institutions, especially in the military. Early in his career, Janowitz was coauthor of one ...
post-industrial city
A city exhibiting the characteristics of a post-industrial society. Service industries dominate with a strongly developed quaternary sector and footloose industries abound, often on pleasant open ...
post-materialism
Concept due to the survey research of R. Inglehart in the 1970s, who argued that his results showed that younger and more affluent people in Western democracies were moving away from material ...
tertiary industry
Economic activity concerned with the sale and use of economic goods and services; service industry. Economically advanced countries have a high proportion of employment in services: USA 75.3%; ...
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