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Antiquity
The Greco-Roman heritage was a powerful tradition, which, together with that of the Bible, influenced Byz. culture. From antiquity Byz. inherited the Greek Language, the system of education, Roman ...
Bessarion
(1399/1400–1472)Born at Trebizond of a modest family, the young Bessarion was noticed by Metropolitan Dositheus, who took him with him to Constantinople in c.1415. There he studied Rhetoric and ...
Chalcondyles (Chalcocondylas), Laonicus
(c.1423–after 1461) Historian; only a few details of his life are known.In 1447 he was a pupil of Georgius Gemistus Pletho at Mistra. He wrote a history about the ...
Cheilas
(Ξειλα̑ς), also Prinkips Cheilas, a family of Peloponnesian origin, known from the 13th–15th C. The Cheilades produced several ecclesiastical leaders and intellectuals: Theodosios Prinkips Cheilas ...
Cosimo de Medici
(1389–1464)Florentine banker, the first member of the Medici family to rule Florence. In Florence the struggle for power between rival patrician families was intense and Cosimo was expelled from the ...
Council of Florence
(1438–45)Unsuccessful reunion council that met to re-establish communion between the western and eastern churches. Although a decree of union was signed (Laetentur caeli) and agreement reached on the ...
Cyriac of Ancona
(1391–1452) Italian merchant, diplomat, and humanist.During his travels to Italy, Greece, the Mediterranean islands, and Asia Minor, he copied almost 1,000 ancient inscriptions, made drawings of ...
Despotate Of Morea
(1349–1460). As a result of the Fourth Crusade, the Frankish conquest of the Peloponnesos (or Morea), and the establishment of the principality of Achaia, the Byz. lost all control over ...
economic theory
It is a commonplace that the Greek philosophers had no economic theory. Three reasons are advanced for this absence: (1) the merely embryonic existence of the relevant institutions, esp. the ...
Eugenikos, Mark
Metropolitan of Ephesus (1437–45), anti-Latin theologian, and saint; born Constantinople 1394?, died Constantinople 23 June 1445 (J. Gill, BZ 52 [1959] 31); feastday 19 Jan.Son of the deacon George ...
Gennadios II Scholarios
(c.1400/5–c.1472),Greek scholar, theologian, and patriarch, born in Constantinople. By 1438 he had been appointed teacher of theology (διδάσκαλος) at Hagia Sophia, senator (σύγκλητος), and one of the ...
George of Trebizond
(1395–1472/3) Humanist teacher and translator.A Greek native, he converted to Catholicism in Italy, where he taught Greek. Famed for his Rhetoricum and Isagoge dialectica as well as for translating ...
Greece
Located in southeastern Europe on the Mediterranean sea, Greece is known for its warm climate, mountainous mainland, island coastlines, and most importantly, its ancient civilization, which gave ...
Greek scholarship
From the ninth to the thirteenth centuries, knowledge of Greek in the West was patchy, except in the isolated Greek communities of southern Italy and Sicily, and for centuries western ...
Michael Apostolis
(c.1420–1474×86) Copyist of MSS, teacher, and writer.He studied with John Argyropoulos and taught at the Petra monastery in Constantinople. After Turkish imprisonment in 1453, he lived in Crete, ...
philosophy, Byzantine
Philosophy was taught and studied in the Greek-speaking world throughout the MA.The relative continuity with ancient Greek literary culture is a distinguishing feature of Byzantine literary culture. ...
Platonic Academy
The Platonic Academy, also known as the Florentine or, more rarely, the Careggian Academy, has always been linked to the figure of Marsilio Ficino. Indeed, it has become an attractive ...
Theodore Gaza
(c.1415–1475/6),Greek scholar in Italy. Gaza was born in Thessaloniki, and may have lived there in the first half of his life, of which little is known. The city surrendered ...
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