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acropolis
Elevated part of the city, or the citadel, in Ancient Greece, especially the Athenian acropolis (from acro-, meaning highest or topmost, and polis, meaning city).Dinsmoor (1950)
Aeschylus
Athenian tragic poet (?525/4–456/5 bc). He fought in the battle of Marathon. His first tragic production was in 499, his first victory in 484. He gained thirteen victories altogether. His epitaph ...
Alcibiades
(c. 450–404 bc),Athenian general and statesman. He led the unsuccessful Athenian expeditions against Sparta and Sicily during the Peloponnesian War but fled to Sparta after being charged with ...
Alcmaeonidae
A noble Athenian family prominent in politics. Its first eminent member was Megacles, who as archon (see archontes), perhaps in 632/1 bc, involved it in a hereditary curse (see Cylon). ...
Anaxagoras
(probably 500–428 bc),of Clazomenae (see panionium); the first philosopher known to have settled in Athens. The evidence for his biography is confused and confusing. He may have arrived in Athens in ...
art
It has been said that while the Greeks taught the holiness of beauty, the Hebrews taught the beauty of holiness. This is an unfortunate generalization, although it is true to say that the ancient. ...
Aspasia
Milesian‐born partner of Pericles from c.445 bc when he divorced his wife. She is said to have taught rhetoric, and to have had discussions with Socrates. She was the target of attacks and jokes in ...
Athenian democracy
A form of popular government established in Athens by Cleisthenes (died 508 bc) in the last decade of the 6th century bc. The principal organ of democracy was the popular assembly (ekklesia), which ...
Athens
The capital of Greece, originally a flourishing city state of ancient Greece, which was an important cultural centre in the 5th century bc.Athens of America Boston.Athens of the North Edinburgh.
careers
GreekIn Greek‐speaking areas no cursus honorum on the Roman republican model emerged. Though Thucydides (2) credited the Spartan army with a clear hierarchical command structure, promotions and ...
Cimon
(Gk. Kimōn),rich and noble 5th‐cent. bc Athenian, son of Miltiades and the daughter of the Thracian king Olorus; Cimon and Thucydides (2), son of an Olorus, were thus related. His sister Elpinīcē ...
Cleon
Athenian politician, b. c.470 bc, the son of a rich tanner. He was perhaps involved in the attacks on Pericles through his intellectual friends in the 430s, and in the opposition to Pericles' ...
Cratinus
Was regarded, with Aristophanes and Eupolis, as one of the greatest poets of Old Attic Comedy (see comedy (greek), old). He won the first prize six times at the City Dionysia and three times at the ...
Cresilas
Sculptor from Cydonia in Crete, active c.440–410 bc.His statues of Pericles and of Dieitrephes shot through with arrows stood on the Acropolis; their signed bases survive. Acc. to Pliny the Elder, ...
Damon
Pioneering Athenian musicologist, pupil of Prodicus and teacher of Pericles, admired by Socrates and Plato. He is said to have invented the ‘relaxed Lydian’ attunement. His views on music's political ...
decree of Diopeithes
(c.432 bc),provided an impeachment procedure against impiety. Plutarch (Pericles 32), our only source, says it attacked ‘those who fail to respect (nomizein) things divine or teach theories about the ...
Delian League
A voluntary alliance formed by the Greek city-states in 478–447 bc to seek revenge for losses suffered during the Greek-Persian wars. All members paid tribute in the form of ships or money, the ...
demagogue
Like democracy, the idea of a demagogue has its roots in the ambiguous Greek word demos meaning ‘the people’, but in the sense of either ‘the population’ or ‘the mob’. Thus a demagogue was, even in ...
Demosthenes
(d. 413 bc),Athenian general. After an unsuccessful invasion of Aetolia in 426 he won two brilliant victories against a Peloponnesian and Ambraciot army invading Amphilochia. In 425 his occupation of ...
Dipylon
The double gateway in Athens' city wall leading into the Ceramicus and to the cemetery immediately outside the wall in that area. The gateway comprised a rectangular courtyard open on the land side, ...
