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Alexander Blok
(b. St Petersburg, 28 Nov. 1880; d. Petrograd, 7 Aug. 1921)Poet and playwright. His first book of poetry was published in 1904, and he became the leading figure in ...

Maly Theatre
Moscow. This theatre (maly, small, as opposed to bolshoi, big) opened in 1824 with a company which had been in existence since 1806. It is the oldest theatre in the ...

Moscow Art Theatre
Famous theatre, now dedicated to Maxim Gorky, founded by Stanislavsky and Nemirovich-Danchenko in 1898. It soon gave a successful production of Chekhov's The Seagull, which had recently failed at ...

Pushkin Theatre
Moscow. This theatre opened in 1951 under Vasily Vasilyevich Vanin (1898–1951), who shortly before his death staged there a revival of Krechinsky's Wedding by Sukhovo-Kobylin. Interesting productions ...

Robert Bolt
(1924–95),playwright, achieved his first West End success in 1957 with Flowering Cherry (pub. 1958). This was followed by The Tiger and the Horse (1960, pub. 1961) and A Man for All Seasons (1960, ...

socialist Realism
Offically approved styles of art, architecture, literature, etc., in the former Soviet Union and some other Communist countries. In architecture it usually involved a type of coarse stripped ...

Soviet Union
A former federation of 15 republics occupying the northern half of Asia and part of Eastern Europe, comprising Russia, Belorussia (Belarus), Ukraine, the Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia, and ...

Vladimir Mayakovsky
(1893–1930)Russian/Soviet poet, dramatist, painter. He made his stage debut in St Petersburg in 1913 in his own *‘tragedy’, Vladimir Mayakovsky, in a double bill with Kruchonykh's futurist ...

Vsevolod Meyerhold
[Emilevich] [until 1895, Karl Theodor Kasimir](b. Penza, Russia, 28 Jan. 1874; d. Moscow, 2 Feb. 1940)Actor and director. He studied law and music before training at the Moscow ...

Vsevolod Meyerhold
(1874–1940)Russian/Soviet actor, director and theorist of theatre who, as a protégé of Nemirovich-Danchenko, was among the founding members of the Moscow Art Theatre in 1898 and the original ...
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