automation
The use of automatic machinery and systems, particularly those manufacturing or data‐processing systems which require little or no human intervention in their normal operation. During the 19th ...
business
1 All forms of industrial and commercial profit-seeking activity. The business cycle refers to fluctuations in the aggregate level of economic activity, and the Business Expansion Scheme in the UK ...
center–periphery
Describes patterns of unequal relations between relatively developed centers and less developed outlying areas within an economy or other system. Although Marxist theories of imperialism by Vladimir ...
collective bargaining
Bargaining between employers and employees over wages, terms of employment, etc., when the employees are represented by a trade union or some other collective body.
deskilling
The process of removing the requirement for individual skills as part of an operating system. Techniques to improve the efficiency of systems tend to simplify and standardize procedures, so that they ...
division of labour
Is the extent to which jobs in an organization are subdivided into separate tasks. [See scientific management, Fordism, and job redesign.]
domestic Labor.
Since the Colonial Era, domestic labor has been a significant contributor to economic production and development in America. While domestic labor encompasses a wide range of market and nonmarket ...
economic Development
An economic transformation of a country or a region that leads to the improvement of the well-being and economic capabilities of its residents.
economic dualism
A way of conceptualizing the existence of two (sometimes more) separate but symbiotic sets of economic processes or markets within the same political or national social framework. In Third World ...
Economic Regulation.
The objectives of economic regulation are usually mixed: to achieve an appropriate balance between efficiency and equity, to steer acquisitive human urges into productive channels, and to strike ...
economic sociology
The fundamental problem in economics is to explain how the limited productive resources and effort of a society are allocated among the wide range of alternative uses to which they might be put. ...
employer strategies
This term refers to patterns of employers' decision-making regarding work organization within firms (for example forms of control over labour, job structures, and payment systems). Originally ...
employment
1 Service performed for pay or wages under a contract of hire.2 The number of people in an economy who provide services for pay under a contract (this includes both full-time and part-time workers in ...
employment status
Refers to the classification of workers according to whether they are employees, who are employed under a contract of employment, or independent or self-employed workers, who may work under a ...
factory system
The ‘factory system’ has been an important element in the accelerating processes of industrialization known as the industrial revolution. As British industrial enterprises expanded in the 18th cent., ...
Fair Employment Practice Committee.
In June 1941, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt reluctantly created the Fair Employment Practice Committee (FEPC) to forestall a mass demonstration planned by the black labor leader A. Philip ...
family wage
A wage that is sufficient to support a family, including a dependent spouse and children. The family wage was a traditional bargaining objective of male-dominated trade unions and found expression, ...
gender segregation (in employment)
This term refers to the unequal distribution of men and women in the occupational structure—sometimes also (and more accurately) called ‘occupational segregation by sex’. There are two forms: ...
Global Economy
Commercial interactions on a global scale have been an important feature of the growth of the capitalist system for half a millennium. Patterns of trade as much as three or ...
Hispanic Americans
A word used to describe persons resident in the United States whose ethnic origin includes Spanish-speaking (or Portuguese-speaking) ancestors who entered the United States from Latin America.
