Overview
Alexander Hamilton
(1755—1804) politician in the United States of America
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Aaron Burr
(1756–1836)US Democratic Republican statesman. After losing the presidential election to Jefferson in 1800, Burr was elected Vice-President. He was defeated in the contest for the governorship of New ...

Adam Shortt
(1859–1931)Shortt was born in Kilworth, Ontario in 1859, and died in Ottawa in 1931. Educated informally at a Mechanics Institute outside Walkerton and later at Walkerton High School and ...

Alfred Marshall
(1842–1924)British economist, regarded as one of the founders of the neoclassical school in economics.Marshall was born in London and graduated in mathematics from St John's College, Cambridge. He ...

Alfred North Whitehead
(1861–1947)British mathematician, logician, and metaphysician.The son of a clergyman, Whitehead was born in Ramsgate, Kent, and educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he remained as student, ...

American Revolution
When Great Britain virtually eliminated the French from North America with the Treaty of Paris, which ended the Seven Years' War, it was expected that one of the major benefits ...

Article III
The story of Article III, the judiciary article of the Constitution, is in many ways the story of American constitutionalism itself. The tale has a beginning but no end, and it is fraught with ...

Bank of the United States
Between 1791 and 1811 and again from 1816 to 1836, the U.S. government created and operated a national bank that by most historical assessments met the nation's financial needs effectively. But the ...

banking and finance
Encouraged by Alexander Hamilton, Robert Morris persuaded the Continental Congress to charter the Bank of North America in 1781. It lent money to the cash-strapped Revolutionary government as well as ...

battle of Preston
(17–19 August 1648)An encounter in Lancashire that effectively ended the second phase of the English Civil War. On one side were the invading Scottish Engagers under the Duke of Hamilton and on the ...

Blodget, Samuel, Jr.
(1757–1814)Blodget was born in Goffstown, New Hampshire on 28 August 1757, and died in Baltimore on 11 April 1814. After service in the New Hampshire militia from 1775–7, Blodget ...

Burr, Aaron, and African Americans
Aaron Burr's legacy to African Americans is mixed. He supported the eventual end of slavery in his home state of New York but was unwilling to confront the issue on the national stage.[...]

business
1 All forms of industrial and commercial profit-seeking activity. The business cycle refers to fluctuations in the aggregate level of economic activity, and the Business Expansion Scheme in the UK ...

Butler, United States v.
297 U.S. 1 (1936), argued 9–10 Dec. 1935, decided 6 Jan. 1936, by vote of 6 to 3; Roberts for the Court, Stone, Brandeis, and Cardozo in dissent. The Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 represented a ...

conservatism
A prudent and not overoptimistic view of the state of affairs of a company or other organization. Because it is regarded as imprudent to distribute to shareholders profits that may not materialize, ...

Constitutional and Political Basis of War and the Military
When the framers met in Philadelphia to draft the U.S. Constitution, they were aware that existing models of government placed the war power squarely in the hands of the king. ...

Constitutional Convention
By late 1786, only three years after the end of the Revolutionary War, most Americans had concluded that the Confederation Congress was too weak to deal with the social, economic ...

continental
N.1 Continental a member of the colonial army in the American Revolution: twnety-two Continentals were killed and scalped.2 also Continental a piece of paper currency used at the ...

Corporations
Corporation law has traditionally been the domain of state legislatures and state courts, although nothing in the Constitution prohibits a federal role in corporate governance. The influence of the ...

Denis John Bernard Hawkins
(1906–64)Denis John Bernard Hawkins was born in Thornton Heath on 17 July 1906 and died in Godalming, Surrey on 16 January 1964. He was educated at Whitgift School in ...

Dual Federalism
A concept that derives from the view that the Constitution was a “compact” made by the sovereign states and the people of those states for the limited purpose of giving ...