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affect control
The process, identified by Norbert Elias, whereby social constraints are brought to bear upon feelings, emotions, and associated behaviours. In the first volume of his The Civilizing Process (1939), ...
anti-psychiatry
A radical critique of traditional (especially medical) approaches to mental disorders, influenced by existentialism and sociology, popularized by the Scottish psychiatrist Ronald D(avid) Laing ...
backstage
A concept referring to the concealed or protected social spaces or regions in which social actors prepare cultural performances, as opposed to the frontstage or front region in which social ...
bad faith
A form of self-deception and avoidance of one's freedom. French existentialist philosophers Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir used this term (in subtly differing ways) to account for what they ...
dramaturgical approach
A sociological perspective that holds that social interactions usually follow familiar and predicable scripts, much like theatrical productions. In this context, individuals are understood as ...
dramaturgy
[dram-ă-ter-ji]The theory and practice of drama, now usually called dramatics. A dramaturge or dramaturgist is a playwright, or in some contexts (especially German) a literary adviser or theatrical ...
encounter
Any meeting between two or more people in face-to-face interactions. Sporting competitions are made up of many such interactions.
ethnomethodology
The study of common social knowledge, in particular as it concerns the understanding of others and the varieties of circumstance in which it can take place.
everyday life
See also lived experience.1. Daily activities in the social world, and the field of enquiry for which this forms a focus.2. The realm of social life, the traditional focus of anthropology and ...
face-to-face interaction
*Synchronous social interaction between individuals co-present in the same physical location, normally through speech and nonverbal communication. It is a particular concern in social psychology and ...
focused interaction
A concept applied to the co-ordinating of face-to-face interaction by two or more actors. The contrast is with unfocused interaction, which is communication by gestures and signals that arises simply ...
frame
In Frame Analysis (1974), Erving Goffman defines a ‘frame’ as ‘definitions of the situation [that] are built up in accordance with the principles of organization which govern events—at least social ...
frontstage
A concept referring to the public social space or region in which social life is experienced by both those who make particular cultural performances, and those for whom such performances are ...
Georg Simmel
(1858–1918)German writer and together with Weber one of the principal founders of sociology as a distinct discipline. A cosmopolitan, Simmel studied at Berlin, where he continued to teach, unpaid, ...
Goffman, Erving (1922–1982) Reference library
Encyclopedia of Semiotics
(1922–1982),
Canadian social anthropologist who formulated an extensive critical apparatus for analyzing and classifying “symbolic interaction” in human
Goffman, Erving Manual (1922–82) Reference library
The Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers
Erving Manual Goffman was born on 11 June 1922 in Mannville, Alberta, Canada. He received his high school degree from
gossip
A form of communication that consists of evaluative talk about absent others, gossip is described by some as connoting warmth, intimacy, and bonding, though most descriptions stress the destructive ...
impression formation
The rapid creation of a unified perception or understanding of the character or personality of another person on the basis of a large number of diverse characteristics. One of the main problems in ...
institution
1. In most everyday usage, organizations (such as schools, banks, hospitals, prisons, and broadcasting corporations).2. (social institutions) (social sciences) A term frequently used loosely to refer ...
looking-glass self
A term introduced by Cooley to refer to the dependence of our social self or social identity on our appearance to others, especially significant others. Our self-concept or self image—the ideas and ...
