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African Americans
A citizen or resident of the United States whose ancestry can be traced to Africa. A term intended to avoid the pejorative associations of words such as “negro” and “black.” An estimated 10 to 12 ...
Andrew Johnson
(1808–75)US politician; 17th President of the USA (1865–69). As the only southern senator to support the Union in the American Civil War he was appointed military governor of Tennessee. Having been ...
Black Theology
Black Theology is a comprehensive term that developed out of both religious and quasi-secular aspirations of oppressed black people and was first used among a small group of African American ...
Charles Remond Douglass
(b. 21 October 1844; d. 24 November 1920), soldier, journalist, and government clerk.Born in Lynn, Massachusetts, Charles Remond Douglass was the third and youngest son of Frederick and Anna ...
Clinton Bowen Fisk
(b. 8 December 1828; d. 9 July 1890), prohibitionist and the namesake of Fisk University.Clinton Bowen Fisk, the sixth son of Benjamin and Lydia Fisk, was born in Livingston ...
Colonialism
Colonialism was the effort by nineteenth-century European powers to control, exploit, and inhabit other parts of the world, particularly Africa. Following Britain's abolition of the slave trade in ...
Democratic Party
One of the two main political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican party, which follows a broadly liberal program, tending to support social reform and minority rights.[...]
demographics
Statistics that describe the characteristics of a population, such as age, sex, race, family size, income, and location of residence.
Economic Life
Work has always characterized African American life in the Americas. From the first arrivals in the 1610s blacks came or were brought to the New World to labor. During the ...
Freedman's Savings and Trust Company
The Freedman's Savings and Trust Company, commonly known as the Freedman's Bank, was chartered by Congress in March 1865 to be a repository for the personal savings of freed slaves. ...
freedmen
Emancipated slaves were more prominent in Roman society than in Greek city‐states or Hellenistic kingdoms (see slavery). Lat. lībertus/a designates the ex‐slave in relation to former owner ...
Freedmen's Bureau Quick reference
World Encyclopedia
US government agency established in 1865, at the end of the Civil War, to aid newly freed African-Americans.
Freedmen's Bureau Reference library
Encyclopedia of African American History, 1619–1895: From the Colonial Period to the Age of Frederick Douglass
The Thirty-Eighth Congress established the Freedmen's Bureau so that the federal government could shoulder relief for African Americans displaced by
Freedmen's Bureau. Reference library
Terry L. Seip
The Oxford Companion to United States History
To assist the adjustment of newly freed slaves in the post–Civil War South, Congress in March 1865 established the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands under the leadership of ...
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George B. Vashon
(1824–1878), essayist and poet.George Boyer Vashon was the first African American to graduate from Oberlin College and the first to become a lawyer in New York State. Born in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, ...
Howard University
Howard University—dubbed in its early years as “the capstone of Negro education”—was incorporated in 1867 to provide education for young men and women of any race but especially for freeborn ...
John Mercer Langston
(b. 14 December 1829; d. 15 November 1897), an African American political leader, congressman, and intellectual.Born in Virginia to a wealthy white planter and a slave mother, John Mercer ...
Mississippi
The word “Mississippi” often brings particular images to mind—cotton, catfish, magnolias—or causes one to reflect on important historical moments like those of slavery, segregation, and the civil ...
Oliver Otis Howard
(1830–1909) Union officer, born Leeds, Maine. Howard fought at First Bull Run (1861) and commanded troops at Antietam (1862) and Fredericksburg (1862) before being routed at Chancellorsville (1863) ...
poverty
Poverty is no disgrace, but it is a great incovenience proverbial saying, late 16th century.poverty is not a crime proverbial saying, late 16th century.when poverty comes in at the door, love flies ...
