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alcohol
n. any of a class of organic compounds formed when a hydroxyl group (–OH) is substituted for a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon. The alcohol in alcoholic drinks is ethyl alcohol (ethanol), which has ...
ATP
(adenosine triphosphate) a compound that contains adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups and occurs in cells. The chemical bonds of the phosphate groups store energy needed by the cell, for ...
basal metabolic rate
The minimum energy required by the body to sustain metabolism, measured by oxygen consumption and expressed in kilojoules per square meter of body surface.
caffeine
(kaf-een)an alkaloid drug, present in coffee and tea, that has a stimulant action on the central nervous system and is a weak diuretic. It is included in some analgesic preparations.
calorie
The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C (1 K). The calorie, a c.g.s. unit, is now largely replaced by the joule, an SI unit. 1 calorie = 4.186 8 joules.
calorimeter
n. any apparatus used to measure the heat lost or gained during various chemical and physical changes. For example, calorimeters may be used to determine the total energy values of different foods in ...
dissipative force
A force that causes a loss of energy (considered as consisting of kinetic energy and potential energy). A resistive force is dissipative because the work done by it is negative.
ecological energetics
The study of how energy is used within an ecosystem, particularly by tracing the movement of energy through a food web.
electromagnetic radiation
The energy that is transmitted through space in the form of electromagnetic waves, which include light, radio waves, X‐rays, and gamma rays. See also radiation.
energy Quick reference
World Encyclopedia
In physics, capacity for doing work. It is measured in joules (J). Power, the rate at which energy
energy Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of Sports Science & Medicine (3 ed.)
The capacity for doing work. The SI unit for energy is the joule, although the calorie is still commonly used in nutritional studies. There are many different interconvertible forms of ...
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energy Reference library
Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (2 ed.)
symbol: E; the capacity of a system for doing work. There are various forms of energy – potential,
energy Reference library
Lawrence Sklar
The Oxford Companion to Philosophy (2 ed.)
Early work on statics indicated that the product of force times distance, later called work, was an essential organizing concept. The capacity of something to produce or generate work ...
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energy flow
(in ecology)The flow of energy that occurs along a food chain. Energy enters the food chain at the level of the producers (usually plants) in the form of solar energy. The plants convert solar energy ...
energy intensity
The amount of energy used per unit of activity, such as litres of fuel per passenger‐mile, or energy consumption per pound/dollar of gross domestic product. Also known as fuel intensity.
energy recovery
The process of extracting useful energy from waste, such as the heat produced by incineration or by harnessing methane gas from landfills.
energy source
Any material that is used to produce energy, including fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas), nuclear (fission and fusion), and renewables (solar, wind, geothermal, biomass, hydroelectric).
enthalpy
Symbol H. A thermodynamic property of a system defined by H = U+pV, where H is the enthalpy, U is the internal energy of the system, p its pressure, and V its volume. In a chemical reaction carried ...
