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abridgment
Truncation (shortening) of the period allowed for completion of some procedural step. Subject to principles of procedural fairness judicial officers generally have discretion to abridge the time ...
abuse of process
A tort where damage is caused by using a legal process for an ulterior collateral purpose. (See also malicious prosecution.) Actions that are obviously frivolous, vexatious, or in bad faith can be ...
alien
N.A person who, under the law of a particular state, is not a citizen of that state. Aliens are usually classified as resident aliens (domiciled in the host country) or transient aliens (temporarily ...
antinomianism
The belief held by various sects, but particularly by radical protestant movements of the 16th and 17th centuries, that certain chosen Christians are by faith or by predestination unable to sin, and ...
arbitrary
Not restrained by laws or statute, as in arbitrary punishment ordered by a judicial officer exercising personal preference rather than predetermined standards or rules. See discretion and palm tree ...
cautioning
Criminal justice systems generally provide for suspected offenders to be warned—ie ‘cautioned’—instead of being prosecuted. Enforcement agencies cannot arrest and prosecute everyone, and prosecution ...
Charter of Fundamental Rights
The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union brings together the principles of the European Convention on Human Rights, the European Social Charter, and Community law as they relate to the ...
child abuse
The maltreatment of children. It may take the form of sexual abuse, when a child is involved in sexual activity by an adult; physical abuse, when physical injury is caused by cruelty or undue ...
collective bargaining
Bargaining between employers and employees over wages, terms of employment, etc., when the employees are represented by a trade union or some other collective body.
context
The general principles of law found in legislation and case law (see precedent) are always applied locally, embedded in the facts of some individually situated case. The context in which ...
crime and violence
Crime and violence are broad concepts which reflect the cultural, economic, moral, and political forces at work in society. Although images in the press and popular culture suggest that crime ...
crime-rate
A measure of change in recorded crime, over a given period of time, based upon official statistics for offences or offender rates. It enables comparison of variations across offences or areas, and ...
death in the family, legal consequences
Once a death certificate has been issued the recipient can arrange burial or cremation. Normally only spouses, civil partners, or other relatives can deal with the body of the deceased. ...
direct applicability, effect
A term used in the European Community to describe provisions in the relevant treaties and subordinate legislation that apply directly within the legal systems of the Member States, without any ...
directors' duties
Obligations owed by a director of a company. The purpose of such duties, which are based on the common law and equitable principles, is to safeguard the interests of the company. The duties are owed ...
discretion Reference library
The Handbook of International Financial Terms
An order giving the broker the authority to use his judgement in executing an instruction (cf. market-not-held order).
discretion Reference library
The New Oxford Companion to Law
We tend to think of law as a structure of authoritative rules intended to affect behaviour. But legal rules must
discretion Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable (2 ed.)
age of discretion the age at which one is considered fit to manage one's affairs or take responsibility for one's actions; the phrase is recorded from the mid 19th century....
divorce
The legal termination of a marriage and the obligations created by marriage, other than by a decree of nullity or presumption of death.
entrapment
N.Deliberately enticing a person into committing a crime in order to secure his conviction, as by offering to buy drugs from him. The English courts do not recognize entrapment as a defence. However, ...
