battle of Bothwell Bridge
1679.After the murder in May 1679 of Archbishop James Sharp of St Andrews, a zealous episcopalian, the covenanters rose in the south‐west. They defeated John Graham of Claverhouse (Viscount Dundee) ...
battle of Drumclog
1679.John Graham (Dundee) of Claverhouse, attempting to disperse a rising of covenanters on 1 June, was sharply repulsed in a skirmish at Drumclog, near Strathaven. The engagement was described by ...
Bishops' Wars
(1639–40)Two brief conflicts over Charles I's attempt to impose Anglicanism on the Scots, and important as a factor leading to the outbreak of the English Civil War. Since 1625 the king had been ...
buildings
1. civic and administrative;2. educational;3. industrial and commercial;4. defensive and military.1. civic and administrative;2. educational;3. industrial and commercial;4. defensive and ...
Cameronians
Known as the ‘Society people’ until 1690, these covenanters of south‐west Scotland followed the extensive field preaching of Richard Cameron (1648–80) and Donald Cargill (c. 1627–81). After Cameron ...
Campbell family
Originating in Argyll, the Campbells first came to prominence under Robert I (1306–29), already aiding the crown against other Highland families. From 1457, led by the Campbell earls of Argyll ...
Cavalier Parliament
(1661–79)The first Parliament in Charles II's reign to be elected by royal writ. Strongly Royalist and Anglican in composition, it contained 100 members from the Long Parliament of Charles I. Its ...
Charles II
(1630–85),king of England, Ireland, and Scotland (acceded 1649, restored 1660–85). Charles received his practical education in 1648–51 when he learnt how to adapt to rapidly changing circumstances, ...
Disruption
(1843). The split in the Established Church of Scotland when the Free Church of Scotland was formed by the secession of 474 (out of 1,203) ministers. See also Ten Years' Conflict.
George Mackenzie
(1636–91).‘Bloody Mackenzie’ was a nephew of the 2nd earl of Seaforth [S], briefly secretary of state [S] to Charles II in exile. A lawyer by profession, he opposed the rule of Lauderdale at first ...
James Sharp
(1613–79).Archbishop. Sharp was educated at Aberdeen University and appointed professor of philosophy at St Andrews. At the Restoration he worked closely with Monck and was sent to Breda to negotiate ...
John Campbell
A Scottish nobleman who was the Commander in Chief of the British armed forces in America in the early stages of the French and Indian War (1754–63) (a post he ...
King's Confession
The Protestant statement of belief drawn up by John Craig in 1581 when it was feared that Popery might be revived in Scotland. It was signed by King James (VI of Scotland); hence its common ...
National Covenant
(1638). The Covenant of Scottish Presbyterians inaugurated at Edinburgh in answer to the attempt to impose on the Scottish Church the 1637 BCP.
2nd duke of Hamilton, William Hamilton
(1616–51).Scottish royalist leader in civil wars. Hamilton was educated at the University of Glasgow, created earl of Lanark in 1639, and made secretary of state for Scotland the following year. He ...
2nd earl of Lauderdale, John Maitland
[S] (1616–82).Born to a Lowland territorial base, Lauderdale subscribed to the Scottish National Covenant in 1638 and usually adhered to the nationalist and monarchic persuasions which underlay it. ...
2nd marquis of Huntly, George Gordon
(1592–1649).Huntly played a curiously ineffective role in Scotland during the Civil War. He spent much of his early life at the court of James I and then in France. In 1632 he was created Viscount ...
Newcastle propositions
1646.At the end of the first civil war, Charles I surrendered to the Scots, who removed him to Newcastle. Negotiations for a settlement began. In July, Parliament's commissioners demanded that the ...
Pentland rising
1666.Support for the covenant was strong in south‐west Scotland and clandestine conventicles continued after the Restoration. In November 1666 an incident at Dalry, near New Galloway, sparked off a ...
Restoration
(1660)The re-establishment in England and Scotland of the Stuart monarchy by placing Charles II, the exiled son of Charles I, on the throne. The Restoration was accompanied by the revival of the ...
