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Abbé Marc-Antoine Laugier
(1713–69).French Jesuit, he became one of the earliest and most important theorists of Neo-Classicism. His Essai sur l'Architecture (1753) was profoundly influential, setting out a rational ...
Abraham Bloemaert
(b Gorinchem, 25 Dec. 1566; d Utrecht, 13 Jan. 1651).Dutch figure and landscape painter and engraver, the son of a sculptor and architect, Cornelis I Bloemaert (c.1540–93). He spent most of his life ...
abuse
1 Violation of established uses in Classical architecture.2 Corruption of form. Abuses according to Palladio included brackets, consoles, or modillions supporting (or seeming to support) a major ...
Aby Warburg
(b Hamburg, 13 June 1866; d Hamburg, 26 Oct. 1929).German art historian. He came from a prosperous banking family and his wealth enabled him to pursue his own inclinations ...
acroterion
[Co]The sculptured figure, tripod, disc, or urn, of bronze, marble, or terracotta, placed on the apex of the pediment of a Greek temple or other substantial building; sometimes also above the outer ...
Alessandro Manzoni
Title sometimes given to Verdi's Requiem, which was comp. in memory of It. novelist and poet Alessandro Manzoni (1785–1873). F.p. Milan 1874, London 1875.
Alexander Nasmyth
(b Edinburgh, 9 Sept. 1758; d Edinburgh, 10 Apr. 1840).Scottish painter. He worked mainly in Edinburgh, but he was a pupil and assistant in Ramsay's London studio 1774–8, and in 1782–4 he visited ...
Alfredo Panzini
(1863–1939), Italian writer and literary critic.Panzini's conservative idea of society, as it transpires from La Lanterna di Diogene (The Lantern of Diogenes, 1907) and Il padrone sono me (I ...
Allan Greenberg
(1938– ).Born in South Africa, he became a citizen of the USA in 1973. His confident rejection of Modernism led him to a re-appraisal of Classicism, of which he has been one of the most distinguished ...
Alphonse-Hubert-François Balat
(1818–95).Belgian architect. In 1852 he became architect to the Duke of Brabant (the future King Leopold II (reigned 1865–1909) ), which gave him enormous clout. Although influenced by Viollet-le-Duc ...
Ancient Greece
For a long time ancient Greece was viewed as one component of a whole termed “antiquity,” a period largely dominated by Rome. It only acquired individuality and autonomy during the ...
ancients and moderns
Medieval readers and writers were strongly aware of their relationship to the past. They viewed classical learning as their inheritance and assumed the responsibility of safeguarding and transmitting ...
André Félibien
(b Chartres, May 1619; d Paris, 11 May 1695).French administrator and writer on art. He is remembered chiefly for his Entretiens sur les vies et sur les ouvrages des ...
Andrea Bregno
(b Osteno, nr. Lugano, 1418; d Rome, Sept. 1506).Italian sculptor, active mainly in Rome, where he settled in the 1460s and became the leading monumental sculptor of the second ...
Andrea del Sarto
(b Florence, ?16 July 1486; d Florence, 28/29 Sept. 1530).Florentine painter. The epithet ‘del sarto’ (of the tailor) is derived from his father's profession; his real name was Andrea d'Agnolo. ...
Andrea Sacchi
(b ?Nettuno or Rome, c.30 Nov. [St Andrew's Day] 1599 or 1600; d Rome, 21 June 1661).Italian painter, one of the leading artists of his day in Rome. He was a pupil of Francesco Albani, but he was ...
angle-modillion
Modillion set diagonally at the external corner of a Classical cornice, properly regarded as an abuse, although occasionally occurring in Roman Antiquity.
antique
Pertaining to Graeco-Roman Antiquity, or the Classical civilizations of the Graeco-Roman world.
Antoine Coysevox
(b Lyons, 29 Sept. 1640; d Paris, 10 Oct. 1720).French sculptor, with Girardon the most successful of Louis XIV's reign. His style was more Baroque than Girardon's and he overtook his rival in ...
Anton Raphael Mengs
(b Aussig, Bohemia [now Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic], 12 Mar. 1728; d Rome, 29 June 1779).German painter, the son of a court painter in Dresden, Ismael Mengs (1688–1764). His father brought him up ...
