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Ahad Ha-Am
‘One of the People’, penname of Asher Ginsberg (1856–1927), Hebrew essayist and Zionist thinker. For Ginsberg, Zionism was important not only because it sought to provide a physical homeland for the ...
Arab revolt
(1916)A revolt against Turkish rule in the Middle East. In July 1915 Hussein ibn Ali, Sherif of Mecca, negotiated with Britain about rising up against the Ottoman Empire, a German ally during World ...
Arthur James Balfour
(b. Whittingehame, East Lothian, 25 July 1848; d. Woking, 19 Mar. 1930)British; leader of the House of Commons and First Lord of the Treasury 1891–2, 1895–1902, Prime Minister 1902–5, Foreign ...
Chaim Weizmann
(b. 27 Nov. 1874, d. 9 Nov. 1952).President of Israel 1948–52 Born in Motol in Russian Poland, he received a doctorate degree at the University of Freiburg, and from 1904 lectured at the University ...
Congested Districts Board
(Ireland).The board was set up in 1891 by Balfour when chief secretary for Ireland as the positive side of his policy of firmness and reform—to kill Home Rule by ...
David Ben-Gurion
(b. 16 Oct. 1886, d. 1 Dec. 1973).Prime Minister of Israel 1948–53, 1955–63 Born David Gruen at Plonsk, in Russian Poland, he became a Zionist and emigrated to Palestine in 1906. He became active in ...
Israel
After half a century of war and hostility, peace with the Palestinians seems as remote as everIsrael can be considered to have four main geographical regions. To the north is a hilly region that ...
mandates
A form of international trusteeship devised by the League of Nations for the administration of former German and Ottoman colonies after World War I. In 1919 the League assigned a mandate for each ...
Palestine
A disputed territory between the River Jordan and the Mediterranean.Early history (before 1914)It was ruled by the Kings of Judah until the expulsion of the Jewish people after the unsuccessful Bar ...
Palestinian Refugees
The Palestinian refugee issue emerged with the birth of the state of Israel in 1948. It was compounded by Israel's occupation of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip after ...
Rothschild Family
A Jewish banking family whose members exerted considerable influence on both economic and political affairs during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Mayer Amschel Rothschild of Frankfurt, who became ...
Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman
(1836–1908)British statesman and Liberal prime minister (1905–08), responsible for reuniting the party after it was split by the Boer War.Born in Glasgow, Campbell-Bannerman became an MP in 1868 and ...
Sykes–Picot Agreement
(1916)A secret Anglo-French agreement on the partition of the Ottoman empire after World War I. It was negotiated by Sir Mark Sykes (1879–1919) and François Georges-Picot and provided for French ...
Zionism
A movement for (originally) the re-establishment and (now) the development and protection of a Jewish nation in what is now Israel. It was established as a political organization in 1897 under ...
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