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atheism

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A

A  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
Letter of negation in several languages, as in, e.g., atheism, adharma.
agnosticism

agnosticism  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
The view that some proposition is not known, and perhaps cannot be known to be true or false. The term is particularly applied to theological doctrines.
Alexander Crombie

Alexander Crombie  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Philosophy
(1762–1840)Alexander Crombie was born in Aberdeen on 17 July 1762 and died at his estate at Phesdo, Kincardineshire in February 1840. He studied at Marischal College, Aberdeen, where he ...
Allen Phillips Griffiths

Allen Phillips Griffiths  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Philosophy
(1927–)A. Phillips Griffiths, known to the philosophical world as ‘Griff’, was born in Llandaff on 11 June 1927. After school in Cardiff, leaving Whitchurch Cardiff Grammar in 1943, he ...
Annie Besant

Annie Besant  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History
(1847–1933)British social reformer and theosophist. She became a Fabian, a trade-union organizer (including the match girls' strike of 1888), and a propagandist for birth control. She became a ...
Anthony Collins

Anthony Collins  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Philosophy
(1676–1729)Collins is celebrated primarily as an early ‘free-thinker’ or atheist, with his Discourse of Free-thinking (1713) being the best-remembered of his works. However, he wrote extensively on ...
Anthony Florian Madinger Willich

Anthony Florian Madinger Willich  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Philosophy
(d. 1804)Anthony Willich was born at Rössel, Ermland, in East Prussia (now Retzel, Poland) and died in February 1804 at Kharkov in the Ukraine. He was a doctor who ...
Antony Garrard Newton Flew

Antony Garrard Newton Flew  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Philosophy
(1923–)Antony Flew was born on 11 February 1923 in Ealing, London, England. He attended St. Faith’s Preparatory School, Kingswood School, and St. John’s College, Oxford, where he earned a ...
Apologists

Apologists  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
The name given to the Christian writers who (c.120–220 first addressed themselves to the task of making a reasoned defence and recommendation of their faith to outsiders. They include Aristides, ...
atheism

atheism   Reference library

Robert Christopher Towneley Parker

The Oxford Classical Dictionary (4 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2012
Subject:
Classical studies, History
Length:
596 words
The Greek for atheism is ‘not to recognize (νομίζειν) the gods’ or ‘deny that the gods exist’ or, later, ‘to remove (ἀναιρεῖν) the gods’. (The old doctrine that θεοὺς νομίζειν never means ... More
atheism

atheism   Quick reference

World Encyclopedia

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2004
Subject:
Encyclopedias
Length:
82 words

Philosophical denial of the existence of God or any supernatural or spiritual being. Early Christians were called atheists because they

atheism

atheism   Reference library

The Continuum Encyclopedia of British Philosophy

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2010
Subject:
Philosophy
Length:
2,181 words

The normal modern meaning of ‘atheism’ is the belief that there is no God. However, historically, both in its English

Atheism

Atheism   Quick reference

A Concise Companion to the Jewish Religion

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2003
Subject:
Religion
Length:
132 words

The attitude that affirms there is no God. Until the Middle Ages, when the philosophers, Jewish, Christian, and Muslim, who

Atheism

Atheism   Reference library

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2003
Subject:
Religion
Length:
187 words

Disbelief in the existence of God; to be distinguished from agnosticism, which professes uncertainty on the question. Modern atheists

Atheism

Atheism   Reference library

Encyclopedia of the Enlightenment

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, modern history (1700 to 1945)
Length:
3,197 words

European thinkers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries used the term atheist in a great many ways. Most educated minds

atheism

atheism   Quick reference

The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable (2 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2006
Subject:
Language reference, History of English, Literature, Literary theory and cultural studies
Length:
29 words

the theory or belief that God does not exist. The word comes (in the late 16th century, via French) from Greek ...

atheism

atheism   Quick reference

A Dictionary of Hinduism

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2009
Subject:
Religion
Length:
46 words

When used in a pejorative sense, the equivalent of nāstika, but otherwise a factually descriptive adjective applied to the completely orthodox (...

atheism and agnosticism

atheism and agnosticism   Reference library

George I. Mavrodes

The Oxford Companion to Philosophy (2 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
Philosophy
Length:
201 words
Atheism is ostensibly the doctrine that there is no God. Some atheists support this claim by arguments. But these arguments are usually directed against the Christian concept of God, and ... More
Atheism and Agnosticism

Atheism and Agnosticism   Reference library

Stephen Wagley

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern World

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2008
Subject:
History, Contemporary History (post 1945)
Length:
3,598 words
Illustration(s):
1
Atheism in the modern world has both theoretical and practical manifestations, and developed mainly in reaction to Christian theology. The word has meant different things at different ... More
Athenagoras

Athenagoras  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
(2nd cent.), Apologist. His ‘Apology’ or ‘Supplication’, addressed c.177 to Marcus Aurelius and his son, sought to rebut the current calumnies against the Christians, namely atheism, Thyestian ...

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