AT&T Litigation
Was a federal antitrust case that produced the historic 1982 consent decree known as the “MFJ” (Modified Final Judgment), which broke up the Bell System. Before the MFJ, “Ma Bell”—the ...
Bates v. State Bar of Arizona
433 U.S. 350 (1977), argued 18 Jan. 1977, decided 27 June 1977 by vote of 5 to 4; Blackmun for the Court; Burger, Powell, and Rehnquist in dissent. In Bates the Supreme Court struck down state legal ...
Bill Gates
1955– )US computer entrepreneur, who became the richest man in the world.Born in Seattle, Washington, Gates was educated at Harvard. His career in computers began when he founded Microsoft at the age ...
business
1 All forms of industrial and commercial profit-seeking activity. The business cycle refers to fluctuations in the aggregate level of economic activity, and the Business Expansion Scheme in the UK ...
business cycle
Observed changes to economic conditions which move from prosperity through recession to depression and hence back to recovery and further prosperity. Also known as the economic cycle. See, for ...
business Organizations
A business organization is the legal structure under which a business entity organizes itself and conducts its legal affairs. Historically, business firms consisted of three types: the sole ...
capitalism
An economic system in which the factors of production are privately owned and individual owners of capital are free to make use of it as they see fit; in particular, for their own profit. In this ...
Chicago School
The collective name for the economists affiliated with the University of Chicago in the 1970s who believed in self-interest as the explanation of all economic actions, the merits of free markets, the ...
class action
A legal action in which a person sues as a representative of a class of persons who share a common claim.
Clayton Act
US antitrust legislation passed in 1914; it placed restrictions on mergers and acquisitions that limited competition and debarred individuals from holding directorships on the boards of competing ...
Commercial Law
The areas of the legal system governing commerce, including (but not limited to) agency, contracts, company law, business entities and partnerships, insolvency, insurance, intellectual property, ...
competition law
The branch of law concerned with the regulation of anticompetitive practices, restrictive trade practices, and abuses of a dominant position or market power. Such laws prohibit cartels and other ...
competition policy
Government policy to encourage competition. This may be concerned with the structure of industries, or with the behaviour of firms within them. As regards the structure of industries, governments ...
Complex Litigation
Cases generally become complex because of some combination of difficult legal or factual issues, large numbers of parties, and large amounts of money at stake. Even the authoritative Manual for ...
conspiracy
N.1 An agreement between two or more people to behave in a manner that will automatically constitute an offence by at least one of them (e.g. two people agree that one of them shall steal while the ...
Democratic Party
One of the two main political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican party, which follows a broadly liberal program, tending to support social reform and minority rights.[...]
Directorate-General for Competition
The Directorate‐General for Competition (‘DG Competition’ or, in internal Commission jargon, ‘DG COMP’) is one of the twenty‐three Directorates‐General which make up the bulk of the ‘services’ of the ...
Duplex Printing Co. v. Deering
254 U.S. 443 (1921), argued 22 Jan. 1920, decided 3 Jan. 1921 by vote of 6 to 3; Pitney for the Court, Brandeis, Holmes, and Clarke in dissent. In response to growing public pressure to control the ...
E. C. Knight Co., United States v.
156 U.S. 1 (1895), argued 24 Oct. 1894, decided 21 Jan. 1895 by vote of 8 to 1; Fuller for the Court, Harlan in dissent. In early 1892, the American Sugar Refining Company, the corporate successor to ...
economic Development
An economic transformation of a country or a region that leads to the improvement of the well-being and economic capabilities of its residents.
