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Native North American art Reference library
The Grove Encyclopedia of American Art
...American designs and craftsmanship are appropriated freely by non-Native Americans. The Indian Arts and Crafts Association, started in 1974 , is a membership organization with a code of ethics for the promotion and sale of authentic work. US government regulations against misrepresentation have been attempted as recently as 1991 ; however, successful enforcement continues to be problematic. One provision of the current law, requiring proof of tribal enrollment, has been criticized by Native Americans and non-Native Americans alike. Bibliography Indian Art of...

Conceptual Art Reference library
Jacob Stewart-Halevy, Michael Baldwin, Charles Harrison, Mel Ramsden, Mary Kelly, and Yair Guttmann
Encyclopedia of Aesthetics (2 ed.)
...in which a direct lineage is traced from Marcel Duchamp, through Jasper Johns, with Ad Reinhardt as an optional supplement. In such accounts, conceptual art needs to be made to be that which is derivable from Duchamp, Johns, or whomever. This historicizing process necessarily misrepresents both conceptual art’s actual historical and cultural contingency and the diffuseness of reasons according to which conceptual art was produced. We turn to the question of what is it that the category “conceptual art” serves usefully to distinguish? Our answer is that it serves...

Jazz Reference library
Lee Brown
Encyclopedia of Aesthetics (2 ed.)
...ensemble can have swing “feeling,” if only because of its use of so-called swinging eighth notes. The common feature in both cases is displacement. (Because of this displacement, a typical representation of swinging eighths in scores—as dotted eighths plus sixteenths—is a misrepresentation that musicians learn to live with.) Along with a kind of forward momentum that Hodeir terms “drive,” hot playing includes certain aspects of the music’s sound or sonorité . He provides no definition of “sound,” except by ostention—for example, distorted timbres, unschooled...

Politics Reference library
Thijs Lijster, Steven C. Dubin, Mark Antliff, and James Miller
Encyclopedia of Aesthetics (2 ed.)
...in university circles were raised by plague anxiety to a level of more than academic interest: Is the pedagogical function of art more important than its “purely” aesthetic role? Does any clear criterion exist for distinguishing truthful images of reality from delusional misrepresentations? Can artists know what AIDS really is apart from its cultural metaphors or artistic signs? Should art be valued solely on the basis of its social impact? These were some of the questions that demanded to be addressed whenever the arts were recruited to join the war against...

Jazz Reference library
Encyclopedia of Aesthetics
...can have swing “feeling,” if only because of its use of so-called swinging eighth notes. The common feature in both cases is displacement. (Because of this displacement, a typical representation of swinging eighths in scores—as dotted eighths plus sixteenths—is really a misrepresentation, as every jazz player knows.) Igor Stravinsky was speaking of swing in this broad sense in his Poetics of Music , where he describes the giddy sensation we register when jazz tries “persistently to stress irregular accents,” but “cannot succeed in turning our ear away from...

Politics and Aesthetics Reference library
Encyclopedia of Aesthetics
...university circles were now raised by plague anxiety to a level of more than academic interest. Is the pedagogical function of art more important than its “purely” aesthetic role? Does any clear criterion exist for distinguishing truthful images of reality from delusional misrepresentations? Can artists know what AIDS really is apart from its cultural metaphors or artistic signs? Should art be valued solely on the basis of its social impact? These were some of the questions that demanded to be addressed whenever the arts were recruited to join the war against...
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