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categorical imperative
Ethics Reference library
Alan C. Tjeltveit
The Oxford Encyclopedia of the History of Modern Psychology
...) and the expulsion of ethics from psychology, some psychologists and ethicists began to endorse a closer relationship between psychological research and ethics. This took a variety of forms, from articulating ways in which psychology can legitimately inform ethics, to blurring the boundaries between psychology and ethics, to psychology being employed in ethics-inspired advocacy and activism, to exploring particular ways in which ethics can and cannot legitimately be employed in psychology. The view that science can inform ethics began to be espoused (...
Residues of (Post-)Kantian Philosophy in Early Scientific Psychology and Hermann von Helmholtz’s Idealism Reference library
Liesbet de Kock
The Oxford Encyclopedia of the History of Modern Psychology
...of the ways in which Helmholtz appropriated the Kantian a priori (and aspects of its further elaboration by J. G. Fichte) within his empirical theory of perception. The analysis offered is structured as follows: 1. After some introductory notes about the caveats to be taken into account in exploring Helmholtz’s relation to Kantian philosophy, Helmholtz’s Kantian interpretation of Johannes Müller’s Law of Specific Nerve Energies is discussed (“Helmholtz, Müller and the Dawn of Physiological Neo-Kantianism”); 2. Second, Helmholtz’s adoption of Kant’s a...
Hume, David Reference library
Simon Blackburn
The Oxford Companion to the Mind (2 ed.)
...of those who ‘belong to the party of mankind’. Hume is clear that this is an achievement of civilization rather than the gift of an Aristotelian telos or naturally benevolent human nature. The resulting moral system is nearer to what is now called ‘virtue ethics’ than utilitarianism or its Kantian rivals. The primary foci of moral appraisal, for Hume, are the character traits manifested in action, according to whether they are ‘useful or agreeable to ourselves or others’. The system is funded by the same elements as utilitarianism—the pleasures and pains...
History of Spanish Psychology, 1800–2000 Reference library
Javier Bandrés
The Oxford Encyclopedia of the History of Modern Psychology
...Heidelberg, he studied with Bartsch, Wundt, and Kuno Fischer, whom he always considered his mentor. Del Perojo understood that Wundt’s neo-Kantianism was the instrument capable of overcoming the outdated idealistic metaphysics of the Krausism he had studied in Madrid. Back in Spain, he founded the journal Revista Contemporánea in 1875 , which, together with Revista Europea , became the vehicle for Wundtian neo-Kantianism and positivism in Spain. Helped by young intellectuals like Manuel de la Revilla and another Spanish author born in Cuba, Rafael Montoro,...
The Genetic Epistemology of Jean Piaget Reference library
Jeremy Trevelyan Burman
The Oxford Encyclopedia of the History of Modern Psychology
...of philosophical assumptions by experimental means. At this time, specifically, the goal was the experimental engagement with the first of what Quine ( 1951 ) had recently called “the two dogmas of empiricism.” (Namely, they were decomposing and complexifying the Kantian distinction between truths grounded in meanings, or the analytical a priori, and truths grounded in facts, the synthetic a posteriori; see also Piaget, 1971 , pp. 31–32.) In a follow-up letter, Piaget then shared a copy of Quine’s comments about Volume IV. This is marked ...
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