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date: 25 January 2025

Karl Marx 1818–83
German political philosopher 

  1. Religion is …the opium of the people.
    A Contribution to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right (1843–4) introduction; see Kingsley
  2. From each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs.
    Critique of the Gotha Programme (written 1875, but of earlier origin); see Blanc, Morelly, and ‘The formula of Communism, as propounded by Cabet, may be expressed thus:—“the duty of each is according to his faculties; his right according to his wants” ’ in North British Review (1849) vol 10
  3. A commodity appears at first sight an extremely obvious, trivial thing. But its analysis brings out that it is a very strange thing, abounding in metaphysical subtleties and theological niceties.
    Das Kapital (1867) tr. B. Fowkes, ch. 1
  4. The knell of capitalist private property sounds. The expropriators are expropriated.
    Das Kapital (1867) ch. 32
  5. Hegel says somewhere that all great events and personalities in world history reappear in one fashion or another. He forgot to add: the first time as tragedy, the second as farce.
    The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (1852) sect. 1; see Hegel
  6. The tradition of all the dead generations weighs like a nightmare on the brain of the living.
    The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (1852)
  7. The philosophers have only interpreted the world in various ways; the point is to change it.
    Theses on Feuerbach (written 1845, published 1888) no. 11
  8. The class struggle necessarily leads to the dictatorship of the proletariat.
    the phrase ‘dictatorship of the proletariat’ had been used earlier in the Constitution of the World Society of Revolutionary Communists (1850), signed by Marx and others
    letter to Georg Weydemeyer 5 March 1852; Marx claimed that the phrase had been coined by Auguste Blanqui (1805–81), but it has not been found in this form in Blanqui's work
  9. All I know is that I am not a Marxist.
    attributed in a letter from Friedrich Engels to Conrad Schmidt, 5 August 1890; in Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels Correspondence (1934)