Arts: c. 45,000 years ago - 2010

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Timeline: Arts

Years: c. 45,000 years ago - 2010	Subject: Art & Architecture
Publisher: HistoryWorld	Online Publication Date: 2012
Current online version: 2012	eISBN: 9780191736902

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BCE CE

Year	Event
c. 45,000 years ago	Neanderthals carve a flute from the leg bone of a young bear, in the region that is now Slovenia Go to Neanderthal man in A Dictionary of Biology (6 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Prehistory Music Science
c. 35,000 years ago	The earliest known Venus figurine, with very much emphasized sexual features, is carved near the Hohle Fels cave in Germany from the tusk of a woolly mammoth Go to Venus figurine in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Prehistory Science Europe Germany
c. 31,000 years ago	Rhinoceroses, lions and mammoth feature on the walls of the Chauvet cave, in southern France Go to cave art in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Prehistory Painting French painting Science French art Europe France
c. 30,000 years ago	Painted and engraved images, on the rock face in a cave near Twyfelfontein in Namibia, date from this period Go to cave art in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Prehistory Painting Science Africa South Africa
c. 27,000 years ago	In the earliest known example of ceramics, humans at Dolni Vestonice model figures in burnt clay Go to unenclosed settlement in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Prehistory Sculpture Science Technology Inventions and discoveries Bohemia Czech Republic
c. 25,000 years ago	A Stone Age sculptor shapes a timeless image of female fecundity in the famous Willendorf Venus Go to ‘Venus of Willendorf’ in The Oxford Dictionary of Art (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Prehistory Sculpture Science Europe Austria A Brassempouy, in France, a Venus figurine is carved which is the oldest known example to have facial features Go to unenclosed settlement in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Prehistory Sculpture Science Europe France
c. 24,000 years ago	An unusually decorated female figurine is carved from limestone at Kostenky, in the river Don region of Russia Go to unenclosed settlement in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Prehistory Sculpture Science
c. 23,000 years ago	Someone carves a figure of a flying bird, in mammoth ivory, in the Malta settlement in Siberia Go to Mal'ta, Siberia, Russia in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Prehistory Sculpture Science Asia Russia
c. 18,000 years ago	A bison figurine is carved in mammoth ivory in the region of Zaraysk, southeast of Moscow Go to cave art in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Prehistory Sculpture Science Europe Russia
c. 16,000 years ago	The walls of the complex of caves at Lascaux in France are covered, over the years, with a vast number of paintings of animals Go to Lascaux, France in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Prehistory Painting Science Europe France
c. 15,000 years ago	The walls of Altamira, an extensive cave in Spain, are decorated with paintings and engraved images of horses, deer and above all bison Go to Altamira in The Oxford Dictionary of Art (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Prehistory Painting Science Europe Spain
c. 6500 BCE	Pottery fragments of this date survive in the neolithic site of Catal Huyuk Go to Neolithic in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Prehistory Neolithic Decorative arts Science Asia West Asia Turkey
c. 3100 BCE	The Egyptians paint murals on the walls of tombs, designed to help the occupants in the next world Go to Egyptian art in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 3100-1000 BCE Painting Religion Africa North Africa Egypt The pharaoh Narmer celebrates a victory with a sculpted relief showing his personal dominance over the enemy Go to Narmer (3150 bce) in The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 3100-1000 BCE Sculpture Africa North Africa Egypt
c. 3000 BCE	The sculptors of the Cyclades produce stylized and formal figures, mainly female, in white marble Go to Cycladic art in The Oxford Companion to Western Art (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 3100-1000 BCE Sculpture Europe Greece
c. 2500 BCE	The treasures found in the royal cemetery at Ur include a depiction of soldiers in copper helmets, armed with battleaxes Go to Ur in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 3100-1000 BCE Decorative arts Weapons Mesopotamia Asia West Asia Iraq The largest sculpture of the ancient world, a sphinx with the face of the pharaoh Khufu, is carved in situ at Giza Go to Sphinx (West Asia) in A Dictionary of World Mythology (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 3100-1000 BCE Sculpture Africa North Africa Egypt
1850 BCE	Wrestlers are painted on the walls of an Egyptian tomb, performing most of the holds and falls still in use today See this event in other timelines: 3100-1000 BCE Painting Sports and games Africa North Africa Egypt Society
c. 1600 BCE	A bull-fighting fresco in the palace of Knossos is linked with the island's cult of the bull Go to Knossos culture in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 3100-1000 BCE Painting Religion Europe Greece
c. 1550 BCE	Egyptian tombs include paintings of a kind to help the occupants in the next world, whether in the Book of the Dead or on the walls Go to Egyptian Book of the Dead in The Oxford Companion to the Book (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 3100-1000 BCE Painting Religion Africa North Africa Egypt
c. 1525 BCE	The eruption of a volcano, on the island of Thera, entombs and preserves houses with frescoes in the Minoan city of Akrotiri Go to Thera in The Grove Encyclopedia of Classical Art and Architecture (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 3100-1000 BCE Painting Europe Greece
c. 1450 BCE	Rich Egyptian households have the latest luxury items, small bottles of coloured glass to hold cosmetics Go to glass in Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 3100-1000 BCE Decorative arts Social and domestic Africa North Africa Egypt Society
c. 1400 BCE	China produces superb bronzes, in the ritual vessels for sacrifices to the ancestors Go to Chinese art in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 3100-1000 BCE Decorative arts Religion Asia East Asia China
c. 1340 BCE	One of the regular sitters to the court sculptor Thutmose is the pharaoh's wife, Nefertiti Go to Nefertiti (active 14th century bc) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 3100-1000 BCE Sculpture Africa North Africa Egypt
c. 1000 BCE	Massive stone heads carved by the Olmecs provide a dramatic beginning to the story of American sculpture Go to Olmec in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 3100-1000 BCE 1000-600 BCE Mesoamerican civilization Sculpture Latin America Central America Mexico
c. 850 BCE	The technique of glazing pottery is discovered in Mesopotamia, though used at this stage only for decorative purposes Go to ceramics in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1000-600 BCE Decorative arts Technology Inventions and discoveries Mesopotamia Asia West Asia Iraq
c. 645 BCE	Ashurbanipal commissions a magnificent relief of a lion hunt for his new palace at Nineveh Go to Nineveh in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1000-600 BCE Assyria and Babylon Sculpture Mesopotamia Asia West Asia Iraq Lebanon and Syria
c. 600 BCE	An Olmec sculptor creates the piece known today as the Wrestler Go to Olmec in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1000-600 BCE 6th century BCE Mesoamerican civilization Sculpture Latin America Central America Mexico The swirling decorative lines of Celtic metalwork at Hallstatt begin a tradition which lives on in illuminated manuscripts and stone Celtic crosses Go to Hallstatt in A Dictionary of Celtic Mythology (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1000-600 BCE 6th century BCE Celts Decorative arts Austria Society
c. 580 BCE	Nebuchadnezzar builds the hanging gardens of Babylon, supposedly to comfort a homesick wife Go to Hanging Gardens of Babylon in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 6th century BCE Seven Wonders of the World Assyria and Babylon Mesopotamia Asia West Asia Iraq
c. 550 BCE	The painters of Greek vases develop the black-figure style, with the scene depicted in black silhouette against a red ground Go to black-figure vase painting in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 6th century BCE Decorative arts Europe Greece The murals of Etruscan tombs, such as the Tomb of the Lionesses in Tarquinia, give a lively glimpse of an earlier tradition in Greek art Go to Etruscan style in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 6th century BCE Painting Italian painting Italian art Europe Greece Italy
c. 500 BCE	A Persian rug, woven with a knotted pile, is placed in the tomb of a Scythian chieftain and survives to this day Go to Pazyryk, Siberia, Russia in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 6th century BCE 5th century BCE Decorative arts Asia Central Asia Iran (Persia) The secret of lacquer, the sap of a tree which can be hardened by moisture, is discovered in China Go to lacquer in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 6th century BCE 5th century BCE Decorative arts Asia East Asia China The new and more sophisticated fashion in Greek vases is the red-figure style Go to Greek pottery in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 6th century BCE 5th century BCE Decorative arts Europe Greece Nok terracotta figures, found in modern Nigeria, stand at the beginning of the rich tradition of African sculpture Go to Nok in Encyclopedia of Africa (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 6th century BCE 5th century BCE Decorative arts Sculpture Africa West Africa
c. 480 BCE	Kritios sculpts a naturalistic male nude, now the earliest surviving masterpiece in a central tradition of Greek art Go to Critius in The Oxford Dictionary of Art (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 5th century BCE Sculpture Europe Greece
477 BCE	A life-size bronze of a racing chariot, with its driver and horses, is presented to Delphi to commemorate a victory in the games Go to Delphi Charioteer in The Oxford Dictionary of Art (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 5th century BCE Sculpture Europe Greece
c. 446 BCE	Phidias sculpts a huge statue of the goddess Athena, to be the central feature of the new Parthenon See this event in other timelines: 5th century BCE Sculpture Europe Greece
c. 440 BCE	Myron sculpts the Discus Thrower, an outstanding example of the Greek ability to suggest movement Go to Myron in Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 5th century BCE Sculpture Europe Greece
c. 430 BCE	Phidias creates a massive statue of Zeus, covered in gold and ivory, to stand in the temple at Olympia See this event in other timelines: 5th century BCE Seven Wonders of the World Sculpture Europe Greece
348 BCE	The citizens of Olynthus abandon their houses, with elaborate mosaic floors, when their city is attacked by Philip of Macedon Go to Olynthus in Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 4th century BCE Europe Greece
292 BCE	The Colossus, a giant statue of Helios the sun god, is erected beside the harbour of Rhodes Go to Colossus in The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 3rd century BCE Seven Wonders of the World Sculpture Europe Greece
c. 200 BCE	The Mochica develop a civilization, in the north of modern Peru, known for its realistic pottery sculpture Go to Mochica in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 3rd century BCE 2nd century BCE Civilizations of Peru Andean Civilizations Decorative arts Latin America Peru South America
c. 100 BCE	A Venus is carved in marble, and centuries later becomes an ideal of female beauty after being found on the island of Milo Go to Venus de Milo in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 2nd century BCE 1st century BCE Sculpture Europe Greece Hindu temple sculptors develop a sinuous and full-bodied style for the naked female form Go to Ardhanārī in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 2nd century BCE 1st century BCE Sculpture Asia South Asia India (the subcontinent)
c. 100	A naturalistic style of Buddhist sculpture develops in the Gandhara region, part of modern Pakistan Go to Gandhara in The Oxford Classical Dictionary (3 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1st century CE 2nd century Sculpture Asia South Asia India (the subcontinent) Pakistan Sculptors in the Roman empire develop the most brutally realistic convention in the history of portraiture Go to verism in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1st century CE 2nd century Roman empire Sculpture Italian art Europe Italy Empires Realistic portraits, done in hot wax and preserved in coffins at Fayyum, vividly depict inhabitants of Roman Egypt Go to Fayyūm Portraits in The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1st century CE 2nd century Roman empire Painting Africa North Africa Egypt Empires
c. 165	The bronze equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius, on the Capitol in Rome, begins a long European tradition of public sculpture Go to Marcus Aurelius in The Oxford Dictionary of Art (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 2nd century Roman empire Sculpture Italian art Europe Italy Empires
c. 230	Ardashir, the Persian king, commissions a relief of himself in triumphant mood - carved high on a rock face at Naqsh-e Rustam Go to Ardashir I (d.ad 240) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 3rd century Sculpture Asia Central Asia Iran (Persia)
c. 250	The Christians of Rome use the catacombs as tomb chambers, and decorate the walls with murals on New Testament themes Go to catacombs in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (2 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 3rd century Painting Italian painting Religion Christianity Italian art Rome Europe Greece Italy
c. 320	Roman mosaic is at its most lavish in the floors of Piazza Armerina, in central Sicily Go to Piazza Armerina in Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 4th century Roman empire Italian art Sicily Europe Italy Empires
c. 390	The church of Santa Pudenziana in Rome begins the great tradition of Christian mosaics Go to mosaics in A Dictionary of the Bible (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 4th century Italian art Rome Europe Italy
c. 460	The mausoleum of Galla Placidia begins Ravenna's great tradition of Christian mosaic Go to mosaics in A Dictionary of the Bible (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 5th century Italian art Europe Italy
c. 500	Small ivory panels, with Gospel scenes carved in relief, provide a delicate beginning to the story of Christian sculpture Go to iconography, Christian in The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (3 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 5th century 6th century Sculpture Religion Christianity Asia West Asia Europe
c. 540	Khosrau I commissions a spectacular Spring Carpet for the floor of his hall of audience in Ctesiphon Go to Carpets and flatweaves in The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 6th century Decorative arts Mesopotamia Asia West Asia Iraq
547	Justinian and Theodora, each with a retinue of attendants, face each other in mosaic from the walls of San Vitale in Ravenna Go to mosaic in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 6th century Byzantine empire Italian art Europe Italy Empires
c. 550	Caves along the Silk Road are decorated with a profusion of carvings in the traditions of Mahayana Buddhism Go to Mahayana Buddhism in The Oxford Companion to World Mythology (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 6th century Sculpture Asia East Asia
c. 600	The walls of caves at Ajanta are profusely decorated with Buddhist murals Go to Ajanta, India in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 6th century 7th century Painting Religion Asia South Asia India (the subcontinent) India (republic)
c. 650	At Dunhuang, an oasis on the Silk Road, as many as 500 caves are decorated with Buddhist murals Go to Silk Road in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 7th century Painting Religion Asia East Asia China The Book of Durrow, one of the earliest of the great Celtic manuscripts, is written and illuminated in Ireland Go to Durrow, Book of in The Oxford Companion to Irish History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 7th century Celts Painting British painting Religion Christianity British Isles Europe Ireland Society Britain
c. 698	The Lindisfarne Gospels are written and illuminated by Celtic monks on the Scottish island of Lindisfarne Go to Lindisfarne Gospels in The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 7th century Celts Painting British painting Religion Christianity Monasticism Scotland British Isles Europe Society Britain
c. 700	The discovery of the technique of porcelain, the most delicate of all forms of pottery, is made in China Go to porcelain in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 7th century 8th century Decorative arts Technology Asia East Asia China
c. 750	T'ang potters make vigorous and brightly coloured figures, of horses, camels or human attendants, to accompany the dead in the grave Go to Tang in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 8th century Decorative arts Religion Asia East Asia China
c. 800	The script known as Carolingian minuscule (basis of the modern roman typeface) is developed by Alcuin and his scribes at the monastery of Tours Go to Carolingian (Caroline) minuscule in The Oxford Companion to the Book (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 8th century 9th century Decorative arts French art Europe France
c. 816	Work begins in Rheims on the Utrecht Psalter, an outstanding example of the Carolingian illuminated manuscript Go to Utrecht Psalter in Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 9th century Decorative arts French art Europe France
c. 1000	Buddhist, Hindu and Jain shrines are carved from the rock in the cave temples of Ellora, in India Go to Ellorā in A Dictionary of Buddhism (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 10th century 11th century Sculpture Religion Asia South Asia India (the subcontinent) India (republic) Lively and often fantastic figures, cunningly fitted around the capitals of columns, show the vigour of Romanesque sculpture Go to Romanesque in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 10th century 11th century Sculpture
c. 1000?	The huge stone heads standing on Easter Island are carved and erected at some time between the sixth and seventeenth century AD Go to Easter Island in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 10th century 11th century Sculpture Religion Australia and Oceania Pacific Islands
c. 1080	Work begins on the story of the Norman conquest, narrated in embroidery in the Bayeux tapestry Go to Bayeux Tapestry in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Britain 1066-1500 11th century Decorative arts British art British Isles French art Europe France Britain
c. 1100	Chinese potters in the Song dynasty develop the wares known as celadons, with thick transparent green glazes Go to Song in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 11th century 12th century Decorative arts Asia East Asia China
c. 1150	The biblical kings and queens in the west porch of Chartres cathedral are a striking early example of Gothic sculpture Go to Gothic in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 12th century Sculpture French art Europe France
c. 1200	Terracotta heads and figures are buried in graves in the region of Djenné in modern Mali Go to terracotta in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 12th century 13th century Decorative arts Religion Africa West Africa In the cathedral on Torcello, and in St Mark's, Venetian mosaics are a culmination in the west of the Byzantine tradition Go to mosaic in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Byzantine empire 12th century 13th century Italian art Venice Europe Italy Empires
c. 1220	Nearly 200 windows make Chartres cathedral the most magnificent display of early stained glass Go to Chartres in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (2 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 13th century French art Europe France
c. 1250	A Japanese potter, returning from China, makes Seto the centre of ceramic production in Japan Go to Seto in The Grove Encyclopedia of Decorative Arts (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 13th century Decorative arts Asia East Asia Japan The Yoruba people of Ife create extraordinary sculptures in brass Go to Ife (Osun/Nigeria) in The Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 13th century Sculpture Africa West Africa
1252	A huge bronze sculpture, known as Daibutsu and cast in Kamakura, depicts Amida, the Amitabha Buddha of Pure Land Buddhism Go to Pure Land in A Dictionary of Asian Mythology (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 13th century Sculpture Religion Asia East Asia Japan
1259	Nicola Pisano completes a pulpit for Pisa, borrowing details from Roman sarcophagi - an early example of a new interest in the classical past Go to Pisano, Nicola (c.1225–c.1278) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 13th century Sculpture Italian art Europe Italy
c. 1300	The formalities of the Tea Ceremony demand equivalently exquisite wares from the Japanese potters Go to tea ceremony in A Dictionary of Buddhism (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 13th century 14th century Decorative arts Social and domestic Asia East Asia Japan Society Mosaic begins to yield to fresco, as the chief medium for the decoration of Christian churches Go to fresco in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 13th century 14th century Painting Tabriz under the Mongol Il-khans is the first centre of Persian miniature painting Go to miniature painting in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 13th century 14th century Painting Asia Central Asia Iran (Persia)
c. 1305	Enrico degli Scrovegni employs Giotto to paint the cycle of frescoes in his chapel in Padua Go to Giotto (c.1267–1337) [Art] in The Oxford Dictionary of Reference and Allusion (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 14th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Europe Italy
1308	The cathedral authorities in Siena commission from Duccio the great altarpiece which becomes known as the Maestà Go to Duccio di Buoninsegna (1318) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 14th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Europe Italy
1345	The great Byzantine altarpiece of St Mark's, the Pala d'Oro, is adjusted to take its present form Go to Pala D'oro in The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 14th century Italian art Europe Italy
c. 1350	The classic Chinese underglaze blue is perfected in the imperial ceramic factory at Jingdezhen Go to Jingdezhen in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 14th century Decorative arts Asia East Asia China
1395	Philip II of Burgundy commissions from Netherlands sculptor Claus Sluter a work, the Well of Moses, which launches the northern Renaissance Go to Sluter, Claus (c.1350) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 14th century Sculpture French art Europe Belgium France Netherlands
c. 1397	The English king, Richard II, commissions a diptych (the Wilton Diptych) showing himself being presented to the Virgin and Child Go to Wilton diptych in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Britain 1066-1500 14th century Painting British painting British art British Isles Europe Britain
c. 1400	The final style of medieval painting, common to all Europe, is known as International Gothic because of its slender and elegant figures Go to International Gothic in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 14th century 15th century Painting Majolica, or tin-glazed earthenware, reaches Italy from Majorca and thus gets its name Go to majolica in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 14th century 15th century Italian Renaissance Decorative arts Italian art Europe Italy
1411	The linen drapers of Florence commission a statue of St Mark from Donatello, who carves for Orsanmichele the first free-standing Renaissance sculpture Go to Donatello (c.1386–1466) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Italian Renaissance Sculpture Italian art Florence Europe Italy
1412	The three Limburg brothers illustrate for the duke of Berry the Très Riches Heures, one of the masterpieces of International Gothic Go to International Gothic in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 15th century Painting French painting French art Europe France
1423	Masaccio paints some of the frescoes in the chapel of a Florentine silk merchant, Felice Brancacci, in Santa Maria del Carmine Go to Masaccio (21 Dec. 1401) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Florence Europe Italy
c. 1430	Robert Campin, also known as the Master of Flémalle, brings to Flemish painting a natural and everyday quality which is entirely new Go to Master of Flémalle in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Belgium
1432	A new altarpiece is installed in the cathedral in Ghent, introducing the powerful realism of Jan van Eyck Go to Eyck, Jan van (c.1390–1441) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Belgium
1434	Giovanni Arnolfini, a merchant from Lucca trading in Bruges, commissions from van Eyck a portrait of himself and his wife Go to Eyck, Jan van (c.1390–1441) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Belgium
1435	Chancellor Nicolas Rolin, of Burgundy, commissions an altarpiece from Jan van Eyck Go to Eyck, Jan van (c.1390–1441) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Belgium Rogier van der Weyden, the third in the extraordinary trio of Flemish artists of the 1430s, is appointed painter to the city of Brussels Go to Weyden, Rogier van der (c.1399) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Belgium
1436	Perspective fascinates Italian Renaissance painters after the publication of Alberti's treatise on the subject, De Pictura Go to Alberti, Leon Battista (14 Feb. 1404) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Europe Italy
c. 1443	The Dominican convent of San Marco, in Florence, is provided with a serenely beautiful series of frescoes by Fra Angelico and his assistants Go to Angelico, Fra (c.1395) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Florence Europe Italy
c. 1450	Piero della Francesca paints masterpieces in his small home town of San Sepolcro Go to Piero della Francesca (c.1415) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Europe Italy Herat, under Timurid princes, succeeds Tabriz as the main centre of Persian art Go to Herāt (Afghanistan) in The Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 15th century Painting Asia Central Asia Afghanistan Iran (Persia) Paolo Uccello is interested in the laws of perspective, in works such as The Battle of San Romano Go to Uccello, Paolo (c.1397) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Europe Italy
1452	étienne Chevalier commissions from Jean Fouquet a series of illustrations for his Book of Hours Go to Fouquet (Foucquet), Jean (c.1420) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 15th century Painting French painting French art Europe France
c. 1455	Master ES becomes the first artist to produce engravings Go to engraving in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Printing Prints Technology Germany
c. 1460	Oil paints, long familiar in the Netherlands, begin to be adopted in Italy in place of tempera Go to tempera in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Italian Renaissance Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Italian painting Italian art Europe Belgium Italy Netherlands Andrea Mantegna combines an interest in classical detail and recently discovered perspective Go to Mantegna, Andrea (c.1431) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Europe Italy
c. 1465	The Sicilian artist Antonello da Messina adopts the Flemish technique of painting in oils Go to Antonello da Messina (c.1430) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Sicily Europe Italy
c. 1468	Jerome van Aken works almost exclusively in his native s' Hertogenbosch, from which he derives the name Hieronymus Bosch Go to Bosch, Hieronymus (c.1450) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 15th century Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Belgium Netherlands
c. 1470	Sandro Botticelli is established as one of the leading painters of Florence, working in particular for the Medici Go to Botticelli, Sandro (c.1445) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Florence Europe Italy
1472	Leonardo da Vinci joins the painters' guild in Florence, probably after training with Verrocchio Go to Verrocchio, Andrea del (c.1435) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Florence Europe Italy
c. 1475	Tommaso Portinari, the Medici agent in Bruges, commissions an altarpiece from Hugo van der Goes for his family church in Florence Go to Goes, Hugo van der (?c.1440) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 15th century Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Florence Europe Belgium Netherlands Giovanni Bellini becomes the key figure in the development of the Renaissance style in Venice Go to Bellini, Giovanni (c.1430–1516) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Venice Europe Italy
c. 1480	Botticelli paints the Birth of Venus and Spring for the villa of a Medici cousin of Lorenzo the Magnificent Go to Botticelli, Sandro (c.1445) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Europe Italy
c. 1489	Leonardo da Vinci begins an unprecedented series of detailed anatomical drawings, based on corpses dissected in Rome Go to Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Science Medicine Italian art Europe Italy
c. 1495	Dürer, the first great artist to tackle the complexities of printing, becomes a master of woodcut and engraving Go to Dürer, Albrecht (1471–1528) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Printing Prints Technology Germany
1499	24-year-old Michelangelo provides for St Peter's in Rome an exquisite Pietà – the Virgin holding on her lap the dead Christ Go to Michelangelo (1475–1564) in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (2 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Italian Renaissance Sculpture Italian art Rome Europe Italy
c. 1500	The people of Benin begin a lasting tradition of sculpture in brass, melted down from objects brought by traders Go to Benin, Kingdom of in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 15th century 16th century Sculpture Africa West Africa The lively realism of Kamal-ud-din Bihzad lays the basis of both the Persian and the Mughal schools of painting Go to Realism in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 15th century 16th century Painting Asia Central Asia Iran (Persia) Faenza becomes the main centre for the production of the Italian tin-glazed earthenware known as majolica Go to majolica in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century 16th century Italian Renaissance Decorative arts Italian art Europe Italy Ceramic artists in Italy decorate large majolica dishes with scenes of narrative history, giving this style the name istoriato Go to istoriato in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century 16th century Italian Renaissance Decorative arts Italian art Europe Italy
1501	Michelangelo begins work in Florence on a tall thin slab of marble, which he transforms into David Go to Michelangelo (1475–1564) in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (2 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 16th century Italian Renaissance Sculpture Italian art Florence Europe Italy
1503	Hieronymus Bosch paints the most detailed of his exotically surreal canvases, The Garden of Earthly Delights Go to Bosch, Hieronymus (c.1450) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 16th century Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Belgium Netherlands
c. 1505	Leonardo captures the enigmatic smile of Lisa Gherardini, known now as the Mona Lisa Go to Mona Lisa [Art] in The Oxford Dictionary of Reference and Allusion (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 16th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Europe Italy Pope Julius II summons Michelangelo to Rome to create the pope's own elaborately sculpted tomb Go to Julius II (1443–1513) in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (2 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 16th century Italian Renaissance Sculpture Papacy Italian art Rome Europe Italy
1508	Michelangelo begins work in Rome on the ceiling of the Sistine chapel Go to sinister in The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 16th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Rome Europe Italy Raphael is summoned to Rome by Julius II and is given a major commission for frescoes Go to Raphael (1483–1520) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 16th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Rome Europe Italy
1509	Raphael begins work on the frescoes in the pope's apartment in the Vatican, known as the Stanze ('Rooms') Go to Raphael (1483–1520) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 16th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Papacy Italian art Europe Italy
1510	Giorgione and Titian introduce the richness of colour which characterizes the high Renaissance style in Venice Go to High Renaissance in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 16th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Venice Europe Italy The startling colour contrasts in Michelangelo's Sistine ceiling anticipate one of the main characteristics of Italian mannerism Go to Mannerism in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 16th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Europe Italy The painter Giorgione dies after a short but extremely influential life in Venice Go to Giorgione (c.1477) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 16th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Venice Europe Italy
1517	Leonardo da Vinci moves to France, on the invitation of Francis I Go to Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 16th century Italian Renaissance Painting French painting Italian painting French art Italian art Europe France Italy
1520	The German painter Hans Holbein the Younger establishes his own studio in Basel Go to Holbein, Hans (1497–1543) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 16th century Painting Switzerland Mannerism develops in Italy in the work of the painters Pontormo and Rosso Fiorentino Go to Mannerism in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 16th century Italian Renaissance Painting Italian painting Italian art Europe Italy
c. 1525	Lucas Cranach's studio in Wittenberg has a profitable line in naked female figures from mythology Go to Cranach, Lucas the Elder (1472) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 16th century Painting Germany
1526	Hans Holbein the Younger pays his first visit to England, and stays with Thomas More in Chelsea Go to Holbein, Hans (1497–1543) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 16th century Britain 1500-1750 Painting British painting British art British Isles Europe Britain
1533	The Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, makes Titian his court painter (an arrangement continued by Philip II) Go to Titian (1487) in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (2 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 16th century Painting Europe Spain
c. 1565	Pieter Brueghel the Elder depicts biblical events taking place among the peasants of the Netherlands countryside Go to Bruegel, Pieter (c.1525–69) [Art] in The Oxford Dictionary of Reference and Allusion (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 16th century Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Belgium Netherlands
c. 1575	Soft-paste porcelain, in imitation of true porcelain from China, is successfully created for the Medici in Florence Go to porcelain in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 16th century Italian Renaissance Decorative arts Italian art Florence Europe Italy
1577	Domenikos Theotokopoulos moves to Spain, where he becomes known as El Greco Go to Establishment in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (2 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 16th century Painting Europe Spain
c. 1585	The English artist John White paints the everyday life of the Secotan Indians of America Go to White, John (1585–93) in The Oxford Companion to American Literature (6 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 16th century Painting American painting British painting Politics Conquest and colonization Social and domestic American art American Indians British colonial America European empires from 1415 Europe Society Empires Britain North America United States
1587	Nicholas Hilliard paints the delightful miniature known simply as Young Man among Roses Go to Hilliard, Nicholas (1547–1619) in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 16th century Britain 1500-1750 Painting British painting British art British Isles Europe Britain
1588	The shogun's Tea Master awards a gold seal with the one word raku ('felicity') to a beautiful bowl, thus naming Japan's most famous ware Go to raku in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 16th century Decorative arts Asia East Asia Japan
1604	Annibale Carracci completes an influential ceiling fresco in the Farnese palace in Rome Go to Carracci, Annibale (1560–1609) in The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Baroque Painting Italian painting Italian art Europe Italy
1608	The Flemish painter Peter Paul Rubens completes an altarpiece in Rome which is an early masterpiece of the baroque Go to Rubens, Peter Paul (1577–1640) [Art] in The Oxford Dictionary of Reference and Allusion (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Baroque Painting Italian painting Italian art Rome Europe Italy Rubens returns from Italy to Antwerp, where he soon establishes Europe's most successful and prolific studio Go to Rubens, Peter Paul (1577–1640) [Art] in The Oxford Dictionary of Reference and Allusion (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Baroque Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Belgium
c. 1615	The Mughal school of painting reaches a peak of perfection in the reign of Jahangir Go to Jahangir (1569–1627) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Painting Mughal empire Muslim empires Asia South Asia India (the subcontinent) India (republic) Empires
1618	The 19-year-old Flemish painter Anthony van Dyck is employed by Rubens in Antwerp as his chief assistant Go to Van Dyck, Sir Anthony (1599–1641) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Baroque Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Belgium
c. 1620	The Dutch painter Frans Hals displays exceptional brilliance in his group portraits, including several of the civic guards of Haarlem Go to Hals, Frans in Oxford Dictionary of English (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Baroque Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Netherlands Delft becomes the centre for tin-glazed earthenware in northern Europe, specializing in the blue-and-white Chinese style See this event in other timelines: 17th century Decorative arts Europe Netherlands
1622	Bernini's youthful Pluto and Proserpina, suggesting soft flesh in cold marble, introduces the lively tradition of baroque sculpture Go to Bernini, Gian Lorenzo (1598–1680) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Baroque Sculpture Italian art Europe Italy The Flemish painter Anthony van Dyck begins a five-year stay, and a successful career as a portrait painter, in Genoa Go to Van Dyck, Sir Anthony (1599–1641) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Baroque Painting Italian painting Italian art Europe Italy
1623	Diego Velazquez becomes court painter to the king of Spain - a post which he will hold for the remaining thirty-seven years of his life Go to Velázquez, Diego Rodriguez de Silva y (1599–1660) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Baroque Painting Europe Spain
1624	Nicolas Poussin arrives in Rome, where he develops the tradition of French classicism Go to Poussin, Nicolas (1594–1665) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Painting Italian painting Europe Italy
1625	Rubens completes a great narrative sequence of twenty-one paintings to celebrate the achievements of Marie de Médicis Go to Rubens, Peter Paul (1577–1640) [Art] in The Oxford Dictionary of Reference and Allusion (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Baroque Painting French painting French art Europe France
1627	Claude Lorrain, basing himself like Poussin in Rome, paints classical landscapes suffused in light Go to Claude Lorrain (c.1604–82) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Painting Italian painting Europe Italy
c. 1628	The Dutch painter Rembrandt van Rijn develops a life-long interest in self-portraiture Go to Rembrandt (1606–69) in The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (3 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Baroque Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Netherlands
1631	Rembrandt moves from his home town of Leiden to set up a studio in Amsterdam Go to Rembrandt (1606–69) in The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (3 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Baroque Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Netherlands
1632	Van Dyck moves to London and becomes portrait painter to the British court and aristocracy Go to Van Dyck, Sir Anthony (1599–1641) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Baroque Britain 1500-1750 Painting British painting British art British Isles Europe Britain
1634	Rembrandt marries Saskia van Uylenburgh, who will feature in many of his paintings Go to Rembrandt (1606–69) in The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (3 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Baroque Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Netherlands
1636	A painted ceiling by Rubens, celebrating the Stuart dynasty, is installed in the Banqueting House in Whitehall Go to Rubens, Peter Paul (1577–1640) [Art] in The Oxford Dictionary of Reference and Allusion (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Baroque Britain 1500-1750 Painting British painting British art British Isles Europe Britain
c. 1640	The Dutch artist Gerrit Dou paints with exquisite precision and becomes leader of a group known as the 'fine painters' Go to Dou, Gerrit (1613–75) in The Oxford Companion to Western Art (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Netherlands
1641	The profusion of paintings on sale in Holland astonishes an English visitor, John Evelyn Go to Evelyn, John (1620–1706) in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Netherlands
c. 1645	The Dutch artist Aelbert Cuyp paints landscapes that glow with the warmth of gentle sunlight Go to Cuyp family in The Oxford Companion to Western Art (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Netherlands
1649	Rembrandt creates an etching so desirable that it becomes known as the Hundred Guilder Print Go to Rembrandt (1606–69) in The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (3 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Printing Prints Europe Netherlands
c. 1650	The pleasure districts of Edo and Kyoto provide the delights of ukiyo-e, the 'floating world' Go to Ukiyo-e in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Printing Prints Social and domestic Asia East Asia Japan Society
1653	Jan Vermeer marries and begins a quiet career as a painter and art dealer in his home town of Delft Go to Vermeer, Jan (1632–75) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Baroque Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Netherlands
c. 1655	The painter Pieter de Hooch is a friendly guide through the welcoming spaces of the seventeenth-century Dutch courtyard and home Go to Hooch, Pieter de (20 Dec. 1629) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Netherlands Diego Velazquez paints his only surviving female nude, The Toilet of Venus (known as the Rokeby Venus) Go to Velázquez, Diego Rodriguez de Silva y (1599–1660) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Baroque Painting Europe Spain
1656	Velazquez, in Las Meninas, paints himself painting the king and queen of Spain Go to Velázquez, Diego Rodriguez de Silva y (1599–1660) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Baroque Painting Europe Spain
1662	Jean-Baptiste Colbert buys the Gobelin family workshops in Paris and transforms them into a royal factory for Louis XIV Go to Colbert, Jean Baptiste (1619–83) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Decorative arts French art Europe France
1667	Wood-carver Grinling Gibbons arrives from Holland to begin an immensely successful career in England Go to Gibbons, Grinling (1648–1721) in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Baroque Britain 1500-1750 Sculpture British art British Isles Europe Britain
c. 1670	Members of the Sakaida Kakiemon family are producing exquisitely decorated porcelain ware in Japan Go to Kakiemon in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Decorative arts Asia East Asia Japan
c. 1675	Dutch traders purchase Kakiemon wares in Japan for import to the Netherlands Go to Kakiemon in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Decorative arts Commerce and industry Asia East Asia Japan Europe Netherlands Society
c. 1690	Chinoiserie becomes the new craze in Europe, after Jesuit reports of the Chinese civilization Go to chinoiserie in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Decorative arts Asia East Asia China
1708	The secret of true porcelain is at last discovered in the west, at Dresden, by Johann Friedrich Böttger Go to Böttger, Johann Friedrich (4 Feb 1682) in The Grove Encyclopedia of Decorative Arts (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Decorative arts Germany
c. 1720	The lighter rococo style, beginning in France, becomes an extension of the baroque Go to rococo in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Decorative arts French art Europe France Canaletto begins to specialize in views of the Venetian canals, finding his main customers among the British Go to Canaletto (1697–1768) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Painting Italian painting Italian art Venice Europe Italy
1721	Jean-Antoine Watteau paints the most splendid shop sign in history, for his friend Gersaint Go to Watteau, Jean-Antoine (1684–1721) in The Oxford Companion to English Literature (7 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Baroque Painting French painting French art Europe France
1731	The Flemish-born sculptor Michael Rysbrack creates a monument to Newton in Westminster Abbey Go to Rysbrack, Michael (24 June 1694) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Britain 1500-1750 Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 British Isles Europe Britain
1751	Giovanni Battista Tiepolo begins a series of frescoes to decorate the prince bishop's residence in Würzburg Go to Tiepolo, Giovanni Battista (1696–1770) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Painting Italian painting Italian art Europe Germany Italy French painter Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin returns to the subject matter that first took his interest, still life Go to Chardin, Jean‐Baptiste Siméon (1699–1779) in The New Oxford Companion to Literature in French (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Painting French painting French art Europe France English gardener Lancelot Brown sets up in business as a freelance 'improver of grounds', and soon acquires the nickname Capability Brown Go to Brown, Lancelot (1715/16–83) in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Britain 1750-1900 British art Great Britain - from 1707 British Isles Europe Britain
1752	French painter Jean-Honoré Fragonard wins the cherished Prix de Rome at the age of 20 Go to Fragonard, Jean-Honoré (1732–1806) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Painting French painting French art Rome Europe France
c. 1754	Francesco Guardi, previously a painter of figures, begins to specialize in view of Venice, his native city Go to Guardi, Francesco (5 Oct. 1712) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Painting Italian painting Italian art Venice Europe Italy
1755	Johann Joachim Winckelmann publishes a book on Greek painting and sculpture which introduces a new strand of neoclassicism Go to Winckelmann, Johann Joachim (1717–68) in The Oxford Companion to Western Art (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Painting Sculpture Germany
1757	English painter Joseph Wright sets up a studio in his home town, Derby Go to Wright, Joseph (3 Sept. 1734) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 British Isles Europe Britain
c. 1758	Joshua Reynolds is by now the most fashionable portrait painter in London, copies with as many as 150 sitters in a year Go to Reynolds, Sir Joshua (1723–92) in The Oxford Companion to British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 British Isles Europe Britain Liverpool-born artist George Stubbs sets up in London as a painter, above all, of people and horses Go to Stubbs, George (1724–1806) in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 British Isles Europe Britain
c. 1759	Portrait-painter Thomas Gainsborough moves from Suffolk to set up a studio in fashionable Bath Go to Gainsborough, Thomas (1727–88) in The Oxford Companion to British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 British Isles Europe Britain Staffordshire potter Josiah Wedgwood sets up a factory of his own in his home town of Burslem Go to Wedgwood, Josiah (1730–95) in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Britain 1750-1900 Decorative arts British art Great Britain - from 1707 British Isles Europe Britain
c. 1760	German painter Johann Zoffany moves to England to find work as a painter of conversation pieces and portraits Go to Zoffany, Johann (13 Mar. 1733) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 British Isles Europe Germany Britain
1763	American artist Benjamin West settles in London, where he becomes famous for his large-scale history scenes Go to West, Benjamin (1738–1820) in The Oxford Companion to Western Art (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 British Isles Europe Britain
1764	Catherine the Great founds the Hermitage as a court museum attached to the Winter Palace in St Petersburg Go to Hermitage in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Painting Sculpture Europe Russia
1768	A French artist, Jean Baptiste le Prince, discovers the aquatint technique in printmaking Go to aquatint in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Printing Prints French art Europe France The Royal Academy is established in London, with Joshua Reynolds as its first president Go to Royal Academy of Arts in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 British Isles Europe Britain
1774	Thomas Gainsborough moves from Bath to set up a studio in London Go to Gainsborough, Thomas (1727–88) in The Oxford Companion to British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 British Isles Europe Britain
1775	John Singleton Copley, already established as America's greatest portrait painter, moves to London Go to Copley, John Singleton (1738?–1815) in The Oxford Companion to American Literature (6 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Britain 1750-1900 Painting American painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 British Isles American art British colonial America Europe Britain North America United States Francisco de Goya begins a series of designs for tapestries to be made in Spain's Royal Tapestry Factory Go to Goya (1746–1828) [Art] in The Oxford Dictionary of Reference and Allusion (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Decorative arts Europe Spain
1778	In Brook Watson and the Shark John Singleton Copley creates the most intensely dramatic of his modern history paintings Go to Copley, John Singleton (1738?–1815) in The Oxford Companion to American Literature (6 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Painting American painting American art North America United States 15-year-old Elisabeth-Louise Vigée-Lebrun earns enough from painting portraits to support the rest of her family Go to Vigée-Lebrun, Élisabeth (16 Apr. 1755) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Painting French painting French art Europe France
c. 1780	Japanese artist Kitagawa Utamaro is a master of colour woodcuts, often depicting the courtesan district of Edo Go to Utamaro, Kitagawa (1753–1806) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Printing Prints Asia East Asia Japan
1782	Italian sculptor Antonio Canova sets up his studio in Rome and begins producing finely modelled nudes in the Greek style Go to Canova, Antonio (1757–1822) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Sculpture Italian art Rome Europe Italy
1783	Jacques-Louis David, establishing a reputation with his severe classical paintings, is elected to the French academy Go to David, Jacques-Louis (30 Aug. 1748) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Painting French painting French art Europe France
1785	French sculptor Jean Antoine Houdon crosses the Atlantic to sculpt a statue of George Washington from the life at Mount Vernon Go to Houdon, Jean-Antoine (25 Mar. 1741) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Sculpture American art French art US presidents Europe France Rulers and politicians North America United States
1786	Francisco de Goya is appointed painter to the king of Spain, Charles III Go to Goya (1746–1828) [Art] in The Oxford Dictionary of Reference and Allusion (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Painting Europe Spain
1789	The painter Jacques-Louis David sketches the events in the Versailles tennis court Go to David, Jacques-Louis (30 Aug. 1748) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Painting French painting French art Europe France Francisco de Goya is appointed court painter to the new Spanish king, Charles IV Go to Goya (1746–1828) [Art] in The Oxford Dictionary of Reference and Allusion (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Painting Europe Spain
1790	English painter J.M.W. Turner is only 15 when a painting of his, a watercolour, is first exhibited at the Royal Academy Go to Turner, Joseph Mallord William (1775–1851) in The Oxford Companion to Western Art (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 British Isles Europe Britain
c. 1792	Scottish painter Henry Raeburn depicts the Reverend Robert Walker skating on Duddingston Loch See this event in other timelines: 18th century Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 Scotland British Isles Europe Britain
1798	After four years in Copenhagen, German artist Caspar David Friedrich makes his life-long home in Dresden Go to Friedrich, Caspar David (1774–1840) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Painting Germany Austrian author Alois Senefelder, experimenting with grease and water on stone, discovers the principles of lithography Go to lithography in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Printing Prints Austria
1801	Bonaparte Crossing the Alps (in 1800) is the first of several paintings by Jacques-Louis David celebrating the future emperor Go to David, Jacques Louis (1748–1825) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Napoleonic era Painting French painting French art Europe France
1806	French painter Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres moves to Rome and lives there for 18 years Go to Ingres, Jean Auguste Dominique (1780–1867) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting French painting Italian painting French art Rome Europe France Italy
1807	English collector Thomas Hope publishes his Greek and Egyptian designs in Household Furniture and Interior Decoration Go to Hope, Thomas (1769–1831) in A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Britain 1750-1900 Decorative arts British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1808	An uprising in Madrid, brutally put down by the French, is vividly depicted by the Spanish painter Goya Go to Goya in Oxford Dictionary of English (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting Europe Spain
1815	Wellington is presented with a twice-life-size nude marble statue, by Canova, of his vanquished enemy Napoleon Go to Canova, Antonio (1757–1822) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Napoleonic era Britain 1750-1900 Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain Jacques-Louis David, unmistakably identified as Napoleon's painter, is banished from France after the fall of the emperor and moves to Brussels Go to David, Jacques Louis (1748–1825) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Napoleonic era Painting Flemish and Dutch painting French painting French art Europe Belgium France
1817	British officers, hoping to shoot a tiger, come across the forgotten Buddhist caves of Ajanta Go to Ajaṇṭā in A Dictionary of Buddhism (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting Asia South Asia India (the subcontinent)
1819	J.M.W. Turner makes the first of several visits to Venice, and discovers a rich seam of inspiration Go to Turner, J. M. W. in Oxford Dictionary of English (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting Italian painting Venice Europe Italy
1820	French painter Théodore Géricault begins a two-year visit to Britain Go to Géricault, Théodore in Oxford Dictionary of English (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting French painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles French art Europe France Britain English painter John Constable acquires a house in Hampstead, a region of London that features frequently in his work Go to Constable, John (1776–1837) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1825	The elderly Francisco de Goya becomes the first great artist to attempt lithography Go to Goya y Lucientes, Francisco José de (1746–1828) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Printing Prints Europe Spain
1827	With Kaaterskill Falls 26-year-old Thomas Cole pioneers a heroic tradition in US landscape painting Go to Cole, Thomas (1801–48) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting American painting American art North America United States English artist Samuel Palmer moves to Shoreham, in Kent, for the most inspired years of his career Go to Palmer, Samuel (1805–81) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1830	Hokusai begins to publish his famous colour-printed views of Mount Fuji Go to Hokusai, Katsushika (1760–1849) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Printing Prints Asia East Asia Japan
1832	French painter Eugène Delacroix begins a five-month visit to north Africa, with profound effects on his future art Go to Delacroix, Eugène (1798–1863) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting Africa North Africa 20-year-old English artist Edward Lear publishes Family of the Psittacidae, a collection of his paintings of parrots Go to Lear, Edward (1812–88) in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1835	Fox Talbot exposes the first photographic negatives, among them a view looking out through an oriel window in Lacock Abbey Go to Talbot, William Henry Fox (1800–77) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Britain 1750-1900 Photography Technology Inventions and discoveries Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain A school of landscape painting emerges in New York, with emphasis on the scenery of the Hudson River and the Catskill Mountains Go to Hudson River School (c.1825–75) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting American painting American art North America United States English artist Edward Lear begins a series of travels, sketching around the Mediterranean and in the Middle East Go to Lear, Edward (1812–88) in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Africa North Africa Asia West Asia Europe Britain
1838	John James Audubon completes publication of the 435 plates forming his 4-volume Birds of America Go to Audubon, John James (26 Apr. 1785) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Printing Prints American art North America United States J.M.W. Turner paints an icon of British art, The Fighting Téméraire Go to Turner, J. M. W. in Oxford Dictionary of English (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1839	The French painter Gustave Courbet moves from his native town of Ornans to Paris Go to Courbet, Gustave (1819–77) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting French painting French art Europe France
1841	Fox Talbot patents the 'calotype', introducing the negative-positive process that becomes standard in photography Go to calotype in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Photography Technology Inventions and discoveries Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1843	The statue of Nelson, by E.H. Baily, is placed on top of its column in Trafalgar Square Go to Baily, Edward Hodges (10 Mar. 1788) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1846	Edward Lear publishes his Book of Nonsense, consisting of limericks illustrated with his own cartoons Go to Lear, Edward (1812–88) in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting Literature English literature Literature in English Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1848	English caricaturist George Cruikshank publishes The Drunkard's Children in support of the developing Temperance movement Go to Cruikshank, George (1792–1878) in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Prints British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain English art students Rossetti, Holman Hunt and Millais form the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood Go to Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1849	Scottish painter David Roberts completes publication of his 6-volume The Holy Land, Syria, Idumea, Arabia, Egypt & Nubia Go to Roberts, David (24 Oct. 1796) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Prints British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 Scotland British Isles Europe Britain Dante Gabriel Rossetti depicts his sister Christina in The Girlhood of Mary Virgin Go to Rossetti, Dante Gabriel (1828–82) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1850	Queen Victoria knights her favourite painter of animals, Edwin Landseer Go to Landseer, Sir Edwin (1802–73) in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain English cartoonist John Tenniel begins a 50-year career drawing for the satirical magazine Punch Go to Tenniel, Sir John (1820–1914) in The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1851	English photographer Frederick Scott Archer publishes the details of his collodion process, a marked improvement on the earlier calotype negative Go to collodion process in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Photography Technology Inventions and discoveries Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 Europe Britain
1855	Roger Fenton travels out from England to the Crimea – the world's first war photographer Go to Fenton, Roger (1819–69) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Crimean War Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Photography War Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Wars and Revolutions Britain Holman Hunt's The Scapegoat combines realism and symbolism in an extreme example of Pre-Raphaelite characteristics Go to Hunt, Holman (1827–1910) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain John Everett Millais marries Effie Gray, previously the wife of John Ruskin Go to Millais, John Everett (1829–96) in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain English artist William Simpson sends sketches from the Crimea which achieve rapid circulation in Britain as tinted lithographs Go to lithograph in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Crimean War Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Printing Prints War Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Wars and Revolutions Britain The Christmas issue of the Illustrated London News includes chromolithographs, introducing the era of colour journalism Go to chromolithograph in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Printing Prints Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1859	US artist James McNeill Whistler settles in London, which he makes his home for the rest of his life Go to Whistler, James Abbott McNeill (1834–1903) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1861	Mathew Brady sends teams of photographers to the various battle fronts to ensure a thorough photographic record of the American Civil War Go to Brady, Mathew B. (1823–96) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Photography War American art American civil war Wars and Revolutions North America United States
1863	48-year-old Julia Margaret Cameron is given a camera by her daughter, in the Isle of Wight, and decides to concentrate on portraits Go to Cameron, Julia Margaret (1815–79) in The Oxford Companion to English Literature (7 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Photography British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1866	US painter Winslow Homer makes his name with the exhibition of a Civil War subject, Prisoners from the Front Go to Homer, Winslow (1836–1910) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting American painting American art North America United States
1869	Young French artists Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir paint together in the open air at La Grenouillère, developing the Impressionist style Go to Impressionism in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting French painting French art Europe France French part-time painter Henri Rousseau becomes known as Douanier ('customs officer') Rousseau because of his paid employment Go to Rousseau, Henri (21 May 1844) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting French painting French art Europe France
1870	French artist Claude Monet, fleeing from the Franco-Prussian War, arrives in London Go to Monet, Claude (14 Nov. 1840) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting French painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles French art Europe France Britain
1871	Whistler paints his mother and calls the picture Arrangement in Grey and Black Go to Whistler, James Abbott McNeill (1834–1903) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain Whistler begins to paint his Nocturnes, a revolutionary series of night-time images on the river Thames Go to Whistler, James McNeill (1834–1903) in The Oxford Companion to United States History (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1874	A group of French artists, including Renoir, Monet and Degas, exhibit their work independently in the Paris studio of the photographer Nadar Go to Impressionism in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting French painting French art Europe France French critic Louis Leroy uses the term 'impressionism' to ridicule Monet's Impression, Sunrise, and unwittingly names a movement Go to Monet, Claude (1840–1926) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting French painting French art Europe France
1875	US artist Thomas Eakins' depiction of the gruesome aspect of surgery, in his portrait of Dr Gross, offends many viewers Go to Eakins, Thomas (1844–1916) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting American painting American art North America United States
1878	English-born US photographer Eadweard Muybridge publishes closely linked photographs revealing how a horse goes through its paces Go to Muybridge, Eadweard (9 Apr. 1830) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Photography British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1879	The young daughter of an amateur archaeologist discovers the first known example of prehistoric art, in a cave at Altamira in Spain Go to Altamira, Spain in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting Europe Spain English physicist Joseph Swan receives a patent for bromide paper, which becomes the standard material for printing photographs Go to Swan, Sir Joseph Wilson (1828–1914) in The Oxford Companion to British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Photography Technology Inventions and discoveries Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1881	The Aesthetic Movement and 'art for art's sake', attitudes personified above all by Whistler and Wilde, are widely mocked and satirized in Britain Go to Aesthetic movement in The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Literature English literature Literature in English Social and domestic Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Society Britain
1882	Eadweard Muybridge projects slow-motion images of a trotting horse as a demonstration at London's Royal Institution Go to Muybridge, Eadweard (9 Apr. 1830) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Photography British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1883	French artist Claude Monet moves to Giverny, where he creates and paints a famous lily pond Go to Monet, Claude (1840–1926) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting French painting French art Europe France
1885	The Statue of Liberty, by Frédéric-Auguste Bartholdi, is assembled in Paris before being shipped across the Atlantic Go to Liberty, Statue of in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Sculpture French art Europe France The American portrait-painter John Singer Sargent makes London his home and begins an immensely successful career Go to Sargent, John Singer (1856–1925) in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain Leaving his family in Copenhagen, French artist Paul Gauguin returns to Paris to paint full-time Go to Gauguin, Paul (1848–1903) in The New Oxford Companion to Literature in French (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting French painting French art Europe France French painter Georges Seurat develops the dotted style of impressionism that becomes known as Pointillism Go to Pointillism in The Grove Encyclopedia of Materials and Techniques in Art (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting French painting French art Europe France
1886	Dutch painter Vincent Willem van Gogh moves from Antwerp to Paris Go to Van Gogh, Vincent (1853–90) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting Flemish and Dutch painting French painting French art Europe Belgium France Netherlands The Statue of Liberty, after crossing the Atlantic, is erected on Bedloe's island in the approach to New York harbour Go to Liberty, Statue of in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Sculpture American art North America United States
1887	Eadweard Muybridge publishes Animal Locomotion, a folio volume containing 781 pages of photographs Go to Muybridge, Eadweard (9 Apr. 1830) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Photography British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1888	Vincent van Gogh invites Paul Gauguin to come and paint with him at Arles, in the south of France Go to Van Gogh, Vincent (1853–90) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting French painting French art Europe France
1889	Vincent van Gogh enters a psychiatric asylum in St Rémy as a voluntary patient Go to Van Gogh, Vincent (1853–90) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting French painting French art Europe France
1890	In How the Other Half Lives Jacob Riis alerts middle-class New Yorkers to the appalling slum conditions in lower Manhattan Go to Riis, Jacob August (1849–1914) in The Concise Oxford Companion to American Literature (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Photography American art North America United States
1891	French artist Paul Gauguin travels to Tahiti and stays in the Pacific islands for most of the rest of his life Go to Gauguin, Paul (1848–1903) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Painting Australia and Oceania Pacific Islands
1893	An aluminium statue of Eros, by English sculptor Alfred Gilbert, is unveiled in Piccadilly Circus Go to Gilbert, Sir Alfred (12 Aug 1854) in The Grove Encyclopedia of Decorative Arts (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1895	Gwen John persuades a reluctant father to allow her to follow her younger brother to the Slade School of Art in London Go to John, brother and sister in The Oxford Companion to Western Art (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1900	Charles Rennie Mackintosh and his wife exhibit together at the Sezession show in Vienna Go to Mackintosh, Charles Rennie (1868–1928) in The Oxford Companion to British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century 1900s 20th century Decorative arts Austria The Welsh painter Augustus John becomes Britain's most famous bohemian Go to John, Augustus Edwin (1878–1961) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 1900s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 Wales British Isles Europe Britain
1901	A change of palette by Pablo Picasso takes him into what becomes known as his Blue Period Go to Picasso, Pablo (1881–1973) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France Charles Rennie Mackintosh designs the interior of Miss Cranston's Ingram Street Tea Rooms in Glasgow Go to Mackintosh, Charles Rennie (1868–1928) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Edwardian era 1900s 20th century Decorative arts War British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 Scotland British Isles Europe Britain
1902	Ebenezer Howard republishes his earlier book of 1898 as Garden Cities of Tomorrow Go to garden city movement in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Politics (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Edwardian era 1900s 20th century War British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain Alfred Stieglitz and other US photographers launch the Photo-Secession movement Go to Photo-Secession in The Grove Encyclopedia of American Art (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Photography American art North America United States The sculptor Aristide Maillol has his first one-man exhibition, at the Galerie Vollard in Paris Go to Maillol, Aristide (8 Dec. 1861) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Sculpture French art Europe France Augustus John meets his favourite subject Dorothy McNeill, to whom he gives the Gypsy name Dorelia Go to John, Augustus Edwin (1878–1961) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Edwardian era 1900s 20th century Painting British painting War British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain The English painter G.F. Watts is made a founding member of the Order of Merit Go to Merit, Order of in The Oxford Companion to British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Edwardian era 1900s 20th century War British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1903	Charles Rennie Mackintosh completes the Willow Tea Rooms in Glasgow for Miss Cranston Go to Mackintosh, Charles Rennie (1868–1928) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Edwardian era 1900s 20th century Decorative arts War British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 Scotland British Isles Europe Britain Work begins on England's first garden city, at Letchworth, based on the theories of Ebenezer Howard Go to garden city movement in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Politics (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Edwardian era 1900s 20th century War British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1904	Gwen John makes her home in Paris, where she becomes Rodin's model and mistress Go to John, Gwen (22 June 1876) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Edwardian era 1900s 20th century War French art Europe France
1905	The American sculptor Jacob Epstein moves from New York to settle in London Go to Epstein, Sir Jacob (1880–1959) in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles American art Europe Britain North America United States The Bloomsbury Group gathers for informal evenings at the family home of Virginia and Vanessa Stephens (later Virginia Woolf and Vanessa Bell) Go to Bloomsbury Group in The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Edwardian era 1900s 20th century Literature English literature Literature in English War Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain Henri Matisse completes his painting Luxe, Calme et Volupté Go to Matisse, Henri Emile Benoît (1869–1954) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France US photographers Alfred Stieglitz and Edward Steichen set up the Little Galleries of the Photo-Secession in New York Go to Gallery 291 in The Oxford Companion to the Photograph (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Photography American art North America United States Ernst Ludwig Kirchner and other Dresden students form the Expressionist group Die Brücke Go to Brücke, Die in The Oxford Companion to Western Art (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Painting Germany Pablo Picasso's palette becomes warmer as Blue evolves into Rose Go to Picasso, Pablo (1881–1973) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France Henri Matisse, in the south of France, paints The Open Window, Collioure, the first of his many works on this theme Go to Matisse, Henri Émile Benoît (1869–1954) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France Aristide Maillol has his first major success with a large sculpture at the Salon d'Automne in Paris Go to Maillol, Aristide (8 Dec. 1861) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Sculpture French art Europe France Matisse, Derain and others, exhibiting in Paris their shockingly colourful new works, are dubbed fauves ("wild beasts") by a critic Go to Fauvism in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France
1906	Pablo Picasso's portrait of Gertrude Stein prefigures cubism in its mask-like treatment of her face Go to Cubism in The Oxford Companion to English Literature (7 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France A large retrospective exhibition in Paris gives Paul Gauguin a growing posthumous reputation Go to Gauguin, Paul (1848–1903) in The New Oxford Companion to Literature in French (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France Sergei Diaghilev mounts a major exhibition of Russian art at the Petit Palais in Paris. Go to Diaghilev, Sergei (1872–1929) in The Oxford Companion to Theatre and Performance (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century French art Europe France
1907	Pablo Picasso's Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, a violent transition into cubism, is a turning point in western art Go to Picasso, Pablo (1881–1973) in The New Oxford Companion to Literature in French (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France The Deutscher Werkbund is founded in Munich as an association of architects, designers and industrialists Go to Deutscher Werkbund in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Germany US cartoonist Bud Fisher creates Mutt and Jeff for the San Francisco Chronicle, in the world's first daily comic strip Go to Mutt and Jeff in Brewer's Dictionary of London Phrase & Fable (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century American art North America United States
c. 1908	Georges Braque's Houses at L'Estaque introduces analytic Cubism Go to Cubism in The Oxford Companion to English Literature (7 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France The French critic Louis Vauxcelles describes Braque's latest landscapes as being composed of cubes, resulting in the term cubism Go to Vauxcelles, Louis (1870–1943) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France
1909	Bernard Leach moves to Japan to study oriental traditions in the graphic arts Go to Leach, Bernard Howell (1887–1979) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Edwardian era 1900s 20th century Decorative arts War British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Asia East Asia Japan Europe Britain René Lalique, originally known for his jewellery, sets up his own glass-making factory at Combes-la-Ville Go to Lalique, René Jules (1860–1945) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Decorative arts French art Europe France
1910	The critic Roger Fry presents in London's Grafton Galleries an influential exhibition of Post-Impressionist art Go to Fry, Roger (1866–1934) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain Henri Matisse completes two large paintings, La Danse and La Musique, for the staircase of Sergei Shchukin's house in Moscow Go to Matisse, Henri (1869–1954) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France Wassily Kandinsky's paintings entitled Compositions are the first examples of purely abstract art Go to Kandinsky, Wassily (1866–1944) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting Europe Russia The part-time English painter L.S. Lowry begins a lifetime career in a Manchester property company Go to Lowry, L. S. (1887–1976) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1911	Walter Sickert and other painters, sharing his preference for everyday subjects, adopt the name Camden Town Group Go to Camden Town Group in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa is stolen from the Louvre in Paris Go to Mona Lisa [Art] in The Oxford Dictionary of Reference and Allusion (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France Austrian artist Gustav Klimt completes his designs for mosaics in the Palais Stoclet in Brussels Go to Klimt, Gustav (1862–1918) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Decorative arts Europe Belgium The painters Wassily Kandinsky, Franz Marc and others form Der Blaue Reiter Go to Blaue Reiter, Der in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting Germany Bernard Leach discovers his skill and future craft at a raku party in Japan, where each guest is invited to throw a pot Go to Leach, Bernard Howell (1887–1979) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Decorative arts Asia East Asia Japan
1912	Egon Schiele's highly explicit images of nudes land him briefly in gaol Go to Schiele, Egon (1890–1918) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting Austria Marcel Duchamp's Nude Descending a Staircase, No.2 creates a stir Go to Duchamp, Marcel (28 July 1887) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France Georges Braque's Fruit-Dish and Glass adds papier collé (a type of collage) to the conventions of cubism Go to Braque, Georges (13 May 1882) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France Guillaume Apollinaire coins the term Orphism for Robert Delaunay's distinctive style of abstraction Go to orphism in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France Jacob Epstein causes a stir with his provocatively modern angel on the tomb of Oscar Wilde in Père Lachaise Go to Epstein, Sir Jacob (10 Nov. 1880) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Sculpture Europe France Giacomo Balla attempts to paint movement in his futurist Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash Go to Balla, Giacomo (18 July 1871) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting Italian painting Italian art Europe Italy
1913	The Armory Show (officially the International Exhibition of Modern Art) is a sensation in New York Go to Armory Show in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century American art North America United States Walter Sickert paints Ennui, depicting a difficult or dreary moment in a marriage Go to Sickert, Walter (31 May 1860) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain Marcel Duchamp creates Bicycle Wheel, his first 'assisted readymade', consisting of the wheel screwed upside down on a painted wooden stool Go to Duchamp, Marcel (28 July 1887) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Sculpture French art Europe France Italian Futurist sculptor Umberto Boccioni suggests human movement in his Unique Forms of Continuity in Space Go to Boccioni, Umberto (19 Oct. 1882) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Sculpture Italian art Europe Italy The cubist movement enters its second phase, deriving from the use of collage and known as Synthetic cubism Go to Cubism in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France Leonardo's Mona Lisa is recovered two years after its theft when the thief, Vincenzo Perugia, tries to sell it to the Uffizi Gallery in Florence Go to Mona Lisa in The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France
1914	Wyndham Lewis and others launch Vorticism with a new magazine, Blast Go to Vorticism in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting British painting Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain Marcel Duchamp exhibits his first pure 'readymade', a bottle rack bought in a department store and displayed without alteration Go to Duchamp, Marcel (28 July 1887) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Sculpture French art Europe France The Russian painter and sculptor Vladimir Tatlin develops an abstract style to which he gives the name Constructivism Go to Tatlin, Vladimir (16 [28] Dec. 1885) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting Sculpture Europe Russia The sculptor Constantin Brancusi has his first one-man exhibition, at Stieglitz's gallery in New York Go to Brancusi, Constantin (19 Feb. 1876) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Sculpture American art North America United States Jacob Epstein completes his sculpture The Rock Drill, the outstanding work of the Vorticist movement Go to Epstein, Sir Jacob (10 Nov. 1880) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain Stanley Spencer joins the Royal Army Medical Corps, with whom he finds a wealth of subject matter Go to Spencer, Sir Stanley (30 June 1891) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1915	Kasimir Malevich exhibits his painting Black Square in Petrograd, in the final Futurist exhibition Go to Malevich, Kasimir (11 [23] Feb. 1878) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting Europe Russia The Irish painter Jack Yeats develops a romantic Expressionist style, with a new interest in Celtic myth Go to Yeats, Jack Butler (29 Aug. 1871) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting British painting Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Ireland Britain
1916	Tristan Tzara and other artists in Zurich call their new movement Dada (the French for 'hobby-horse', selected at random from a dictionary) Go to Dada in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Switzerland Claude Monet begins the great cyclorama of water-lilies, Nympheas, that he donates to the French nation Go to Monet, Claude (14 Nov. 1840) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France
1917	Marcel Duchamp submits a ceramic urinal to the Society of Independent Artists in New York, giving it the title Fountain Go to Duchamp, Marcel (28 July 1887) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century American art French art North America United States The French poet Guillaume Apollinaire is the first to use the term Surrealism Go to Surrealism in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France Amedeo Modigliani's first Paris exhibition is immediately closed by the police because it contains paintings of nudes Go to Modigliani, Amedeo (12 July 1884) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France Piet Mondrian and other Dutch artists establish the movement known as De Stijl, together with a magazine of the same name Go to De Stijl in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Netherlands
1918	The Russian artist Kasimir Malevich begins a series of White on White paintings Go to Malevich, Kasimir (11 [23] Feb. 1878) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting Europe Russia Eric Gill completes his Stations of the Cross for Westminster Cathedral Go to Gill, Eric (1882–1940) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain Dutch designer Gerrit Rietveld produces his 'Red and Blue Chair', under the influence of the De Stijl movement Go to Rietveld, Gerrit (1888–1964) in A Dictionary of Modern Design (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Decorative arts Europe Netherlands
1919	Marcel Duchamp adds a moustache and beard to a postcard of the Mona Lisa, and gives it the subtly offensive French title LHOOQ Go to Duchamp, Marcel (28 July 1887) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century American art French art Europe France North America United States The phrase Abstract Expressionism is first used, describing the work of Wassily Kandinsky Go to Kandinsky, Wassily (22 Nov. [4 Dec.] 1866) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting Europe Russia John Singer Sargent completes Gassed, a powerful image of one of the particular horrors of the recent war Go to Sargent, John Singer (1856–1925) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1920	Vladimir Tatlin's model for a gigantic Monument to the Third International becomes one of the most significant examples of Constructivism Go to Tatlin, Vladimir (16 [28] Dec. 1885) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 20th century Sculpture Europe Russia The Japanese potter Shoji Hamada accompanies Bernard Leach on his return to England Go to Hamada, Shōji (9 Dec 1894) in The Grove Encyclopedia of Decorative Arts (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 20th century Decorative arts British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Asia East Asia Japan Europe Britain Artists dedicated to celebrating the Canadian landscape come together as the Group of Seven Go to Group of Seven in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 20th century Painting American painting North America Canada On his return to Britain from the far east, Bernard Leach sets up a pottery studio in St Ives Go to Leach, Bernard Howell (1887–1979) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 20th century Decorative arts British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1922	Wassily Kandinsky takes up a teaching post at the Bauhaus in Weimar Go to Kandinsky, Wassily (22 Nov. [4 Dec.] 1866) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Painting Germany Diego Rivera, returning from his study of Italian frescoes, begins the first of his influential murals depicting Mexican history Go to Rivera, Diego (1886–1957) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Painting American painting Latin America Central America Mexico
c. 1923	Marcel Duchamp completes his large glass construction The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even Go to Duchamp, Marcel (28 July 1887) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Sculpture American art North America United States
1924	André Breton launches a new movement with his Manifesto of surrealism - Soluble fish Go to Breton, André (19 Feb. 1896) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century French art Europe France Four Scottish Colourists (Cadell, Fergusson, Hunter, Peploe) exhibit together in Paris Go to Scottish Colourists in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 Scotland British Isles Europe Britain
1925	House by the Railroad, by US painter Edward Hopper, introduces a new style of urban realism Go to Hopper, Edward (22 July 1882) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Painting American painting American art North America United States A fashionable new style, Art Deco, derives its name from a Paris exhibition called the Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs Industriels et Modernes Go to Art Deco in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Decorative arts French art Europe France
1926	English potter Michael Cardew sets up a studio at Winchcombe, in Gloucestershire Go to Cardew, Michael (26 May 1901) in The Grove Encyclopedia of Decorative Arts (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Decorative arts British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1927	Stanley Spencer completes his large visionary canvas The Resurrection: Cookham Go to Spencer, Sir Stanley (1891–1959) in The Oxford Companion to Western Art (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain 28-year old Staffordshire potter Clarice Cliff launches a range of highly coloured geometric designs that she calls Bizarre Ware Go to Cliff, Clarice (20 Jan 1899) in The Grove Encyclopedia of Decorative Arts (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Decorative arts British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain English typographer Eric Gill designs a type face without serifs, commissioned by Monotype and to be known as Gill Sans-Serif Go to Gill, Eric (1882–1940) in The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain The Belgian surrealist painter René Magritte has his first one-man show, at the Galerie Centaure in Brussels Go to Magritte, Réne-François-Ghislain (1898–1967) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Painting Flemish and Dutch painting Europe Belgium Gutzon Borglum begins the massive task of carving portraits of four US presidents in the rock face at Mount Rushmore Go to Borglum, Gutzon (1867–1941) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Sculpture American art North America United States Stanley Spencer begins his murals in the Memorial Chapel for Henry Sandham at Burghclere, in Hampshire Go to Spencer, Sir Stanley (1891–1959) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1928	English sculptor Henry Moore receives his first public commission, for the headquarters of London Underground Go to Moore, Henry (1898–1986) in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain Marcel Breuer, working at the Bauhaus, designs the classic version of his tubular-steel cantilever chair Go to Breuer, Marcel (1902–81) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Decorative arts Germany English sculptor Barbara Hepworth has her first solo exhibition, at the Beaux Arts gallery in London Go to Hepworth, Dame Barbara (1903–76) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain English sculptor Henry Moore has his first solo exhibition, at the Warren Gallery in London Go to Moore, Henry (1898–1986) in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1929	The Tintin comic strip, by Hergé, begins with Tintin in the Land of the Soviets Go to Tintin in The Oxford Encyclopedia of Children's Literature (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Europe Belgium Mies van der Rohe designs his famous Barcelona Chair for the German pavilion at the Barcelona World Fair Go to Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig (27 March 1886) in The Grove Encyclopedia of Decorative Arts (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Decorative arts Europe Germany Spain
1930	Vita Sackville-West and her husband Harold Nicolson begin to create a garden at Sissinghurst in Kent Go to Sissinghurst Castle in The Oxford Companion to the Garden (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain Henri Matisse completes his Backsequence – four progressively simplified bronze relief sculptures (Nus de Dos) Go to Matisse, Henri Émile Benoît (1869–1954) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Sculpture French art Europe France
1931	Italian fashion designer Elsa Schiaparelli introduces a successful new line for women in the form of the padded shoulder Go to Schiaparelli, Elsa (1896–1973) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Decorative arts Europe Italy In his painting The Persistence of Memory Salvador Dali provides the disturbing image of watches drooping from the edge of flat surfaces Go to Dali, Salvador (1904–1989) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Painting Europe Spain
1932	The French photographer Henri Cartier-Bresson has his first exhibition, in the Julien Levy Gallery in New York Go to Cartier-Bresson, Henri (1908–2004) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Photography American art French art Europe France North America United States Marcel Duchamp coins the term 'mobile' for Alexander Calder's new suspended art form Go to Calder, Alexander (1898–1976) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Sculpture American art North America United States The British artist Graham Sutherland, after an early career as a printmaker, takes up painting relatively late in life Go to Sutherland, Graham Vivian (1903–1980) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1933	Hungarian photographer Brassaï publishes his photographs of the seedier side of Paris night life in Paris de Nuit Go to Brassaï (1899–1984) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Photography French art Europe France The new Nazi government closes down Germany's distinguished school of modern art and architecture, the Bauhaus Go to Bauhaus in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Germany Draughtsman Harry Beck, inspired by electrical circuits, produces a classic map of London's underground Go to London broil in Brewer's Dictionary of London Phrase & Fable (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Travel and transport Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Society Britain
1934	British painter Francis Bacon has his first solo show in London Go to Bacon, Francis (1909–1992) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1935	Pablo Picasso's Minotauromachy, a masterpiece of etching, prefigures some of the themes of Guernica Go to Picasso, Pablo (1881–1973) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century French art Europe France
1936	Salvador Dali creates a stir by attending the opening of London's Surrealist exhibition in a diving suit Go to Dalí, Salvador (11 May 1904) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain The Spanish Civil War causes the Basque designer Cristobal Balenciaga to move his business to Paris, capital of the fashion world Go to Balenciaga, Cristóbal (1895–1972) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Decorative arts French art Europe France Spain Hungarian photographer Robert Capa achieves an unprecedented immediacy in his coverage of the Spanish Civil War Go to Capa, Robert (1913–54) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Photography Europe Spain
1937	British artist Ben Nicholson does the first of his characteristic abstract white reliefs Go to Nicholson, Ben (1894–1982) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain A Nazi exhibition of 'degenerate art' opens in Munich, and visitors are invited to mock the avant-garde works on show Go to Degenerate art in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Painting Germany Pablo Picasso's massive painting Guernica is exhibited in the Spanish pavilion at the World Fair in Paris Go to Guernica in The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Painting French painting French art Europe France Spain William Coldstream and Victor Pasmore open a school of art with a distinctive style, known from its location as the Euston Road School Go to Euston Road School in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain Stanley Spencer gives a stark depiction of himself and his wife in The Leg of Mutton Nude Go to Spencer, Sir Stanley (30 June 1891) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1938	Finnish designer Alvar Aalto develops a bent plywood three-legged stool, specifically designed for stacking Go to Aalto, Hugo Alvar Henrik (1898–1976) in A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Decorative arts Europe Finland Leading British artists Barbara Hepworth and Ben Nicholson marry Go to Hepworth, Dame (Jocelyn) Barbara (1903–1975) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Painting British painting Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain The Aboriginal artist Albert Namatjira wins success with the first exhibition of his watercolours Go to Namatjira, Albert (1902–59) in The Oxford Companion to Australian History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Painting Australia and Oceania Australia American naïve painter Grandma Moses has her first exhibition in a local drug store at the age of 78 Go to Moses, Grandma (7 Sept. 1860) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Painting American painting American art North America United States
1939	Barbara Hepworth and Ben Nicholson move their studios to St Ives Go to Nicholson, Ben (1894–1982) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Painting British painting Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1940	English potter Bernard Leach publishes an influential manual, A Potter's Book Go to Leach, Bernard Howell (1887–1979) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1940s 20th century Decorative arts British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain Charles Eames and Eero Saarinen design an 'organic chair' for mass production in moulded plywood and aluminium Go to Eames, Charles Orman (1907–78) in A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1940s 20th century Decorative arts American art North America United States Working as an official war artist, Henry Moore creates an iconic series of drawings of Londoners sleeping at night in underground stations Go to Official War Art in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1940s 20th century Decorative arts British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain After his London studio is bombed, Henry Moore moves to Much Hadham, where he works and lives for the rest of his life Go to Moore, Henry (1898–1986) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1940s 20th century Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
c. 1941	Henri Matisse, recovering from an operation, develops his technique of gouaches découpées (cut-out patches of painted paper) Go to Matisse, Henri Emile Benoît (1869–1954) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1940s 20th century French art Europe France
1943	Pablo Picasso transforms a bicycle's handlebars and saddle into Head of a Bull Go to Picasso, Pablo (1881–1973) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1940s 20th century Sculpture French art Europe France
1944	Commissioned by a church in Northampton to sculpt a Madonna and Child, British sculptor Henry Moore produces the first of his family groups Go to Moore, Henry (1898–1986) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1940s 20th century Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1945	English painter Francis Bacon creates a sensation with his Three Studies for Figures at the Base of a Crucifixion Go to Bacon, Francis (1909–1992) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1940s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1946	Sadler's Wells Ballet moves to the Royal Opera House in Covent Garden (and is known from 1956 as the Royal Ballet) Go to Royal Ballet, The in The Oxford Dictionary of Dance (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1940s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain A new style of American painting, involving artists such as Arshile Gorky and Jackson Pollock, is given the name Abstract Expressionism Go to Abstract Expressionism in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1940s 20th century Painting American painting American art North America United States Australian painter Sidney Nolan begins a series of paintings on the theme of Ned Kelly Go to Nolan, Sir Sidney (22 Apr. 1917) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1940s 20th century Painting Australia and Oceania Australia
1947	Capa, Cartier-Bresson and others found Magnum, a cooperative of leading photographers running their own picture agency Go to Magnum in The Oxford Companion to the Photograph (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1940s 20th century Photography French art Europe France Swiss sculptor Alberto Giacometti begins to develop his characteristic style of tense elongated bronze sculpture Go to Giacometti, Alberto (10 Oct. 1901) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1940s 20th century Sculpture Switzerland US artist Jackson Pollock's drip paintings cause a stir in New York Go to Pollock, Jackson (28 Jan. 1912) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1940s 20th century Painting American painting American art North America United States
1951	In Christ of St John of the CrossSalvador Dali paints an image of the crucified Christ seeming to fly on his cross Go to Dalí, Salvador (1904–89) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1950s 20th century Painting Europe Spain
1953	US abstract expressionist Willem de Kooning exhibits his series Women nos I-VI, on which he has been working since 1938 Go to de Kooning, Willem (24 Apr. 1904) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1950s 20th century Painting American painting American art North America United States
1954	A painting by Graham Sutherland, commissioned for Winston Churchill's 80th birthday, does not meet with the full approval of the sitter or his wife Go to Sutherland, Graham (24 Aug. 1903) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1950s 20th century Decorative arts British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1956	The husband-and-wife team Charles and Ray Eames design a much copied lounge chair and footstool, made of moulded plywood with padded leather cushions Go to Eames, Charles (1907–78) in A Dictionary of Modern Design (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1950s 20th century Decorative arts American art North America United States
1957	Australian artist Arthur Boyd begins his series of paintings about an aboriginal stockman, Love, Marriage and Death of a Half-Caste Go to Boyd, Arthur (24 July 1920) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1950s 20th century Painting Australia and Oceania Australia Spanish-born Paris designer Cristóbal Balenciaga produces an ostensibly shapeless garment, the 'sack', that greatly excites the world of fashion Go to Balenciaga, Cristóbal (1895–1972) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1950s 20th century Decorative arts Social and domestic French art Europe France Spain Society Christian Dior dies and is followed by Yves St Laurent as head designer at the famous fashion house Go to St Laurent, Yves Mathieu (1936– ) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1950s 20th century Decorative arts Social and domestic French art Europe France Society
1959	Asterix, written by René Goscinny and drawn by Albert Uderzo, makes his first appearance, in the French magazine Pilote Go to Astérix in The Oxford Encyclopedia of Children's Literature (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1950s 20th century French art Europe France
1960	British artist Anthony Caro begins welding and painting abstract metal sculpture Go to Caro, Sir Anthony (8 Mar. 1924) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1960s 20th century Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain British artist Bridget Riley creates patterns that produce unexpected optical effects, in a style that becomes known as op art Go to Riley, Bridget (24 Apr. 1931) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1960s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1962	Andy Warhol creates a stir when his paintings of Campbell's soup cans are exhibited at the Ferus Gallery in Los Angeles Go to Warhol, Andy (1928–87) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1960s 20th century Painting American painting American art North America United States A great tapestry by Graham Sutherland hangs above the altar in the newly consecrated Coventry cathedral Go to Sutherland, Graham (24 Aug. 1903) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1960s 20th century British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1965	An exhibition in New York, 'The Responsive Eye', puts op art on the map Go to Op art in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1960s 20th century Painting American painting American art North America United States German performance artist Joseph Beuys walks round a gallery demonstrating How to Explain Pictures to a Dead Hare Go to Beuys, Joseph (12 May 1921) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1960s 20th century Germany
1966	British fashion designer Mary Quant launches the miniskirt Go to Quant, Mary (1934– ) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1960s 20th century Decorative arts Social and domestic Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Society Britain
1967	A Bigger Splash, by English painter David Hockney, casts a new light on sunlit swimming pools Go to Hockney, David (1937– ) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1960s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1968	US artist Sol LeWitt buries a metal cube in the Netherlands to create Box in a Hole Go to LeWitt, Sol (9 Sept. 1928) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1960s 20th century American art North America United States
1969	British artist duo Gilbert & George attract attention miming to Flanagan and Allen's Underneath the Arches Go to Gilbert (1943– ) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1960s 20th century British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain Paintings discovered on stone slabs in a cave in Namibia are dated to about 28,000 years ago Go to rock art in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1960s 20th century Painting Science Africa South Africa
1971	British artist David Hockney paints a striking triple portrait in Mr and Mrs Clark and Percy Go to Hockney, David (9 July 1937) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1970s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1976	The British public is outraged to discover that the Tate Gallery has spent money purchasing Carl Andre's arrangement of bricks, Equivalent VIII Go to Andre, Carl (16 Sept. 1935) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1970s 20th century British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain Bulgarian-born US artist Christo (Christo Javacheff) constructs a 24-mile Running Fence in California Go to Christo (13 June 1935) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1970s 20th century American art North America United States
1979	British artist Richard Long lays out his Slate Circle at the Tate Gallery in London Go to Long, Richard (2 June 1945) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1970s 20th century British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1982	British fashion designer Vivienne Westwood, promoter of the punk style, shows a collection called Punkature Go to Westwood, Vivienne (1941– ) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1980s 20th century Decorative arts Social and domestic Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Society Britain George Segal's bronze monument The Holocaust is unveiled in San Francisco Go to Segal, George (26 Nov. 1924) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (4 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1980s 20th century Sculpture American art North America United States
1985	US artist Christo tightly binds Paris's Pont Neuf in fabric, as one of his international series of wrapped iconic buildings Go to Christo (1935– ) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1980s 20th century American art French art Europe France North America United States
1986	Tony Cragg's Raleigh is unveiled outside the Tate Gallery in his home town of Liverpool Go to Cragg, Tony (1949– ) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1980s 20th century Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1988	Leading New York Graffiti artist Jean-Michel Basquiat dies of an overdose Go to Basquiat, Jean-Michel (1960–88) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1980s 20th century Painting American painting American art North America United States English conceptual artist Damien Hirst organizes the first exhibition of the 'Young British Artists', also known as the Britpack Go to Hirst, Damien (1965– ) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1980s 20th century British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1989	US sculptor Richard Serra's Tilted Arc is removed from Federal Plaza, New York, after legal action by local protesters Go to Serra, Richard (1939– ) in The Oxford Dictionary of American Art and Artists (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1980s 20th century Sculpture American art North America United States
1991	US sculptor Jeff Koons marries one of his favourite subjects, Italian porn star La Cicciolina Go to Koons, Jeff (1955– ) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1990s 20th century American art Europe Italy North America United States
1993	Eduardo Paolozzi's vast bronze sculpture The Wealth of Nations is installed at South Kyle, near Edinburgh Go to Paolozzi, Sir Eduardo (1924–2005) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1990s 20th century Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain Rachel Whiteread's Untitled (House) is a concrete cast of the interior of a house in London's East End Go to Whiteread, Rachel (1963– ) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1990s 20th century Sculpture British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
c. 1994	Potholers discover the world's oldest known paintings in the Chauvet cave in southern France Go to France in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1990s 20th century Painting French painting Science French art Europe France
1995	British artist Tracey Emin causes a stir with Everyone I Have Ever Slept With 1963-1995 Go to Emin, Tracey (1963– ) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1990s 20th century British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1996	Chris Ofili's painting The Holy Virgin is embellished with elephant dung Go to Ofili, Chris (1968– ) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1990s 20th century Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1998	Anthony Gormley's massive metal Angel of the North is erected near Gateshead in northern England Go to Gormley, Antony (1950– ) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1990s 20th century Sculpture British art British Isles Europe Britain
2000	Mao Zedong inspires German artist Anselm Kiefer's Let a Thousand Flowers Bloom Go to Kiefer, Anselm (8 Mar. 1945) in The Oxford Dictionary of Art (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 21st century Painting Germany
2010	A sculpture by Alberto Giacometti, L'Homme qui marche, sets a new auction record for a work of art at £65 million (US$103.7 million) Go to Giacometti, Alberto (1901–66) in A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 21st century

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date: 02 December 2023

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