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Timeline: Wales

Years: 77 - 2005	Subject: Encyclopedias, Geographical reference
Publisher: HistoryWorld	Online Publication Date: 2012
Current online version: 2012	eISBN: 9780191736308

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BCE CE

Year	Event
77	Agricola, appointed Roman governor of Britain in AD 77, establishes Chester as a stronghold from which to control the Welsh tribes Go to Agricola in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1st century CE Roman empire Roman Britain Politics Conquest and colonization Europe Empires Britain
c. 580	St David founds monasteries in Wales and makes his base at Mynyw, a place now known after him as St David's Go to David, St (d. c.601) in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (2 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 6th century Religion Christianity British Isles Europe Britain
c. 780	The Anglo-Saxons have a name for the Celts west of Offa's dyke - wealas or Welsh, meaning foreigners Go to Offa's Dyke, England in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 8th century Celts Migration British Isles Europe Society Britain
878	Rhodri Mawr, or Rhodri the Great, is widely accepted as king of almost the whole of Wales Go to Rhodri Mawr (‘the Great’) in The Kings and Queens of Britain (2 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 9th century Politics Dynasties and royalty British Isles Europe Britain
c. 1080	Norman earls are given territories on the marches of Wales, with the specific task of raiding their neighbours Go to Normans in The Kings and Queens of Britain (2 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Britain 1066-1500 11th century Politics Conquest and colonization British Isles Europe Britain
1171	The English king, Henry II, acknowledges Rhys ap Gruffydd as the lord of south Wales Go to Rhys ap Gruffydd (1132–97) in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Britain 1066-1500 12th century Politics Dynasties and royalty British Isles British monarchs - from 1066 Europe Rulers and politicians Britain
c. 1200	The longbow, a weapon of great use to English armies, is probably first developed in Wales Go to longbow in The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Britain 1066-1500 12th century 13th century Weapons British Isles Europe Britain
c. 1220	Llewellyn ap Iorwerth acquires such authority over other Welsh chieftains that he is informally referred to as the prince of Wales Go to prince of Wales in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Britain 1066-1500 13th century Politics Dynasties and royalty British Isles British monarchs - from 1066 Europe Rulers and politicians Britain
1267	In a treaty agreed at Shrewsbury, the English king Henry III acknowledges Llewellyn ap Gruffydd as the prince of Wales Go to prince of Wales in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Britain 1066-1500 13th century Politics Dynasties and royalty British Isles British monarchs - from 1066 Europe Rulers and politicians Britain
1282	An uprising by Llewellyn ap Gruffydd, the prince of Wales, ends with his own death and the subjugation of Wales by the king of England, Edward I Go to Edward I (b. 18 June 1239) in The Kings and Queens of Britain (2 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Britain 1066-1500 13th century Politics Conquest and colonization Dynasties and royalty War British Isles British monarchs - from 1066 Europe Rulers and politicians Britain
1283	Edward I begins a series of powerful castles - Harlech, Caernarfon and Conwy in this year alone - to subdue the Welsh Go to Harlech castle in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Britain 1066-1500 13th century Politics Conquest and colonization British Isles British monarchs - from 1066 Europe Rulers and politicians Britain
1301	Edward I, conqueror of Wales, bestows the cherished title 'prince of Wales' on his own heir, the future Edward II Go to prince of Wales in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Britain 1066-1500 14th century Politics Dynasties and royalty British Isles British monarchs - from 1066 Europe Rulers and politicians Britain
1400	The Welsh rise against the English and proclaim Owain Glyn Dwr as their own prince of Wales Go to Owain Glyn Dwr (b. c.1359) in The Kings and Queens of Britain (2 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Britain 1066-1500 14th century 15th century Politics Dynasties and royalty Protest and rebellion British Isles British monarchs - from 1066 Europe Rulers and politicians Britain
1404	Owain Glyn Dwr captures Aberystwyth and Harlech from the English and sets up an independent Welsh administration Go to Owain Glyn Dwr (b. c.1359) in The Kings and Queens of Britain (2 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Britain 1066-1500 15th century Politics Dynasties and royalty War British Isles British monarchs - from 1066 Europe Rulers and politicians Britain
1408	Driven from Aberystwyth and Harlech, Owain Glyn Dwr loses support - and the last Welsh rebellion fades away Go to Owain Glyn Dwr (b. c.1359) in The Kings and Queens of Britain (2 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Britain 1066-1500 15th century Politics Dynasties and royalty Protest and rebellion British Isles British monarchs - from 1066 Europe Rulers and politicians Britain
1536	Wales is merged within the English kingdom as a principality Go to Wales, principality of in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 16th century Britain 1500-1750 Politics British Isles British monarchs - from 1066 Europe Rulers and politicians Britain
1567	The Book of Common Prayer and the New Testament are published in Welsh, to be followed by the complete Bible in 1588 Go to Book of Common Prayer noun in Oxford Dictionary of English (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 16th century Reformation Literature English literature Literature in English Religion Christianity British Isles Europe Britain
1800	Welsh industrialist Robert Owen takes charge of a mill at New Lanark and develops it as an experiment in paternalistic socialism Go to Owen, Robert in Oxford Dictionary of English (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century 19th century Britain 1750-1900 Communism Commerce and industry Great Britain - from 1707 British Isles Europe Society Britain
1804	Richard Trevithick runs the first locomotive on rails, pulling heavy weights a distance of 9 miles (15 km) near Merthyr Tydfil in Wales Go to Trevithick, Richard (1771–1833) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Britain 1750-1900 Travel and transport Technology Engineering Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Society Britain
1850	British engineer Robert Stephenson completes a box-girder railway bridge over the Menai Strait, between Anglesey and mainland Wales Go to Stephenson, Robert (1803–59) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Technology Engineering Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1861	An official National Eisteddfod is held for the first time in Wales, in Aberdare Go to eisteddfod in The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Performing arts Music Theatre Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1874	Major Walter Wingfield secures a patent for Sphairistike, a game he has developed at his home in Wales, from which lawn tennis evolves Go to lawn tennis in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 Sports and games Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Society Britain
1900	Keir Hardie is returned to parliament for Merthyr Tydfil, beginning a long and close link between the Labour party and Wales. Go to Hardie, (James) Keir (1856–1915) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 1900s 20th century Politics Democracy and dissent Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain The Welsh painter Augustus John becomes Britain's most famous bohemian Go to John, Augustus Edwin (1878–1961) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Victorian era Britain 1750-1900 1900s 20th century Arts Painting British painting British art Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1906	Cardiff's new Civic Centre is launched with the completion of the City Hall and Law Courts, designed by Lanchester, Stewart and Rickards Go to Lanchester, Henry Vaughan (1863–1953) in A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Edwardian era 1900s 20th century Architecture War Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 Europe Britain
1908	The Welsh poet W.H. Davies has a success with The Autobiography of a Super-Tramp, his account of life on the road and in dosshouses Go to Davies, W. H. (1871–1940) in The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Edwardian era 1900s 20th century Literature English literature Literature in English War Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1925	Plaid Cymru, the 'party of Wales', is founded in a temperance hotel in Pwllheli during the National Eisteddfod Go to Plaid Cymru in A Dictionary of Contemporary World History (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Politics Democracy and dissent Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1966	Plaid Cymru sends its first MP to Westminster when Gwynfor Evans wins a Carmarthen by-election Go to Plaid Cymru in A Dictionary of Contemporary World History (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1960s 20th century Politics Democracy and dissent Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain 116 children die when a sliding slag heap buries a primary school in the Welsh village of Aberfan Go to Aberfan disaster in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1960s 20th century Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain
1969	19-year-old rugby player J.P.R. Williams makes his debut for Wales in a match against Scotland Go to Williams, J(ohn) P(eter) R(hys) (1949– ) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1960s 20th century Sports and games Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 Scotland British Isles Europe Society Britain
1980	The threat of a hunger strike persuades the British government to authorize S4C (Sianel Pedwar Cymru), a television channel broadcasting in Welsh Go to digital television and radio regulation in The New Oxford Companion to Law (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1980s 20th century Performing arts Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 Europe Britain
1992	Charles and Diana, the Prince and Princess of Wales, announce that they have agreed to separate Go to Diana, Princess of Wales (1961–1997) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1990s 20th century Politics Dynasties and royalty Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 Europe Britain
1996	The divorce is finalized of Charles and Diana, the Prince and Princess of Wales Go to Diana, Princess of Wales (1961–1997) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1990s 20th century Politics Dynasties and royalty Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 Europe Britain
1997	Elton John sings a revised version of Candle in the Wind in Westminster Abbey, as a tribute to Diana, Princess of Wales Go to John, Sir Elton Hercules (1947– ) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1990s 20th century Performing arts Music Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 Europe Britain In referenda held by the new Labour government, Scotland votes conclusively for devolution but Wales is lukewarm Go to Scotland in A Dictionary of Contemporary World History (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1990s 20th century Politics Democracy and dissent Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 Scotland British Isles British prime ministers - from 1830 Europe Rulers and politicians Britain
1999	The Scottish parliament and the Welsh assembly hold their first elections, both narrowly won by Labour Go to Scottish Parliament in A Dictionary of Law (7 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1990s 20th century Politics Democracy and dissent Scotland British Isles British prime ministers - from 1830 Europe Rulers and politicians Britain
2005	The Prince of Wales marries Camilla Parker Bowles, subsequently to be known as the Duchess of Cornwall Go to Charles, Prince of Wales (b. 14 Nov. 1948) in A Dictionary of Contemporary World History (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 21st century Politics Dynasties and royalty Great Britain - from 1707 United Kingdom - from 1801 British Isles Europe Britain

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date: 04 December 2023

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