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Adoption

Adoption   Reference library

Pamela Barmash

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
5,559 words

Adoption can be defined as the establishment of a kinship relationship, usually as parent and child, between two individuals who

Amnesty and Reform Texts

Amnesty and Reform Texts   Reference library

Pamela Barmash

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
3,521 words

Amnesty and reform texts were edicts decreed by a king that intervened in economy and society, invalidating loans, pledges, and

Ancient Near Eastern Law

Ancient Near Eastern Law   Reference library

Pamela Barmash

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
7,923 words

The oldest documented law comes from the ancient Near East. The earliest legal texts come from about 2600 b.c.e.,

Animals

Animals   Reference library

Phillip Michael Sherman

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
5,783 words

Animals are both the objects and subjects of legal concern in biblical texts. This fact must be underscored as it

Asylum

Asylum   Reference library

John F. Quant

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
3,717 words

“Asylum” refers to a place of refuge available to one who has committed a crime. In the Old Testament legislation

Biblical Law

Biblical Law   Reference library

Bruce Wells and Robert Matthew Calhoun

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
15,027 words

This entry contains two subentries: Hebrew Bible; and New Testament.

Blessing and Cursing

Blessing and Cursing   Reference library

Christopher G. Frechette

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
3,513 words

Blessing and cursing comprise an antithetical pair of cross-cultural and panhistorical phenomena in which language is directed to affect an

Bloodguilt and Blood Feud

Bloodguilt and Blood Feud   Reference library

Assnat Bartor

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
3,700 words

To destroy a human life is the greatest sin. Bloodguilt is the culpability and accountability incurred when life is unjustifiably

Book of the Covenant

Book of the Covenant   Reference library

Eckart Otto

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
5,919 words
Illustration(s):
1

The title “Book of the Covenant”—or, the designation used below, the “Covenant Code”—is derived from Exodus 24:7, which describes

Byzantine Empire, Later

Byzantine Empire, Later   Reference library

John Anthony McGuckin

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
5,937 words

“Byzantine” is a term used by eighteenth-century European scholars to discuss medieval Eastern Christian Roman affairs and has become standard

Calendar and Festivals

Calendar and Festivals   Reference library

Jonathan Ben-Dov

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
4,624 words

Several different issues can be subsumed under the title “calendar.” These topics were sometimes interconnected, but mostly they operated separately

Capital Punishment

Capital Punishment   Reference library

Aryeh Amihay

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
2,882 words

The most severe punishment in biblical law, the death penalty, is a legacy of Babylonian court law (such as the

Children

Children   Reference library

Kristine Henriksen Garroway

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
5,065 words

For the purposes of this entry, a child refers to a person from birth through puberty. In social terms this

Civil Law

Civil Law   Reference library

George P. Fletcher

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
3,194 words

The core of every modern legal system is its “positive law,” namely the law made binding by the legislatures and

Commandments

Commandments   Reference library

Aryeh Cohen

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
5,353 words

This entry will deal with the problem of “commandment(s)” writ large before considering the so-called law codes of the Hebrew

Contemporary Jewish Religious Movements

Contemporary Jewish Religious Movements   Reference library

Elliot N. Dorff, Michael J. Broyde, Mark Goldfeder, and Mark Washofsky

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
9,273 words

This entry contains three subentries: Conservative; Orthodox; and Reform.

Covenant

Covenant   Reference library

Pauline A. Viviano

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
6,252 words

Covenant is an important concept in both the Hebrew Bible and in the New Testament. It has received considerable scholarly

Crucifixion

Crucifixion   Reference library

Gunnar Samuelsson

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
2,999 words

The punishment of crucifixion is one of the most notorious forms of execution in history. One reason is certainly its

Dead Sea Scrolls

Dead Sea Scrolls   Reference library

Alex P. Jassen

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
7,945 words

This article presents an overview of the legal texts among the Dead Sea Scrolls and examines their relationship to biblical

Debts, Loans, and Surety

Debts, Loans, and Surety   Reference library

Robin J. DeWitt Knauth

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Law

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Religion, Law
Length:
7,801 words

Debt has been a reality of economic life since ancient times. The complex laws and traditional practices surrounding debt, loans,

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