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• Useful flap for reconstructing moderatesized defects (too big to close directly) of the lip. • Pedicled flap, usually taken

Function:

Abdominal wall muscles important for posture, standing, walking and bending.

Anatomy:

Muscles:

• External oblique: from lower 8 ribs,

Indications:

• Trauma. • Tumour: Desmoid, Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. • Radiation. • Infection: Gas gangrene, Necrotizing

An aesthetic procedure which aims to provide a flatter, narrower abdomen by excising skin and fat excess and addressing rectus

The sixth cranial nerve. It innervates the ipsilateral lateral rectus muscle, resulting in *abduction of the eye.

Horizontal movement of the eye outwards (away from the nose).

APB:

Most superficial muscle of thenar eminence.

Origin:

Transverse carpal ligament, palmaris longus and there may also be another slip

Origin:

Dorsum of radius, ulnar and interosseous membrane. It runs obliquely around the radius coursing over the wrist extensors. It

A cortical mechanism to remap anatomically non-corresponding points of each retina to stimulate functionally corresponding points in the *occipital

Synthetic:

• Used for sutures and investigated for other devices such as plates and screws (LactoSorb). • One class of

Hyperplasia of epithelium. See Skin.

The process by which the eye changes focus from distant to near objects through conformational changes in the ciliary muscle

The measure of accommodative convergence per unit of accommodation. Convergence and accommodation are related neurologically, but the AC : A ratio varies

Isotretinoin. The synthetic retinoid derivative 13-cis-retinoic acid (Accutane) used for severe Acne vulgaris. The dose is 1

An inherited disorder of *cone photoreceptor function in which all three subtypes are lacking or non-functional. Incomplete and complete