
!!! Reference library
Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4 ed.)
Coalescing around all-night dance parties in Sacramento, California, USA,!!! was spawned in 1996 from the remnants of three bands, California

112 Reference library
Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4 ed.)
The first R&B vocal group to be promoted by Sean ‘Puffy’ Combs ’ Bad Boy stable, 112 was formed in

15-16-17 Reference library
Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4 ed.)
15-16-17 was a female vocal trio formed in 1974 in the UK, although they came from Jamaica. The line-up consisted

1651 Reference library
Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4 ed.)
This one-off project was conceived in 2001 by violinist Mark Emerson (b. 15 August 1958, Ruislip, Middlesex, England) to mark

1776 Reference library
Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4 ed.)
America’s obsession with its own history had already resulted in at least two Broadway musicals based on momentous national events

1776 Reference library
The Oxford Companion to the American Musical
(46th Street Theatre 1969). An unlikely musical hit and the surprise of its season, the historical piece boasted one

1812 Reference library
The Oxford Companion to Music
Concert overture, op. 49 (1880), by Tchaikovsky; written for the Moscow Exhibition, it commemorates Napoleon's retreat from Moscow in ...

1994 Reference library
Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4 ed.)
This US melodic rock quartet was formed in 1977 by ex-L.A. Jets duo Karen Lawrence (vocals) and John Desautels (drums).

20/20 Reference library
Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4 ed.)
This US group was formed in Los Angeles, California, in 1978 by Steve Allen (guitar, vocals) and Ron Flynt (bass,

213 Reference library
Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4 ed.)
The origins of this US rap supergroup can be traced back to the early 90s, although it was not until

311 Reference library
Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4 ed.)
Formed at high school in Omaha, Nebraska, USA in 1990, hip-hop/rock crossover band 311 recorded three independent albums before relocating

4′ 33″ Reference library
The Oxford Companion to Music
Piece (1952) by Cage consisting of four minutes and 33 seconds of silence for any instrument or instruments....

411 Reference library
Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4 ed.)
This UK R&B quartet comprises vocalists Carolyn Owlett (b. England), Suzie Furlonger (b. Dumfries, Scotland), Tisha Martin (b. Jamaica), and

+44 Reference library
Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4 ed.)
This US pop punk supergroup were formed in 2005 by former Blink-182 members Travis Barker (b. 14 November 1975, Fontana,

702 Reference library
Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4 ed.)
A vocal R&B trio named after its Las Vegas, Nevada, USA home area code, 702 made their long-playing debut for

707 Reference library
Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4 ed.)
US melodic pomp-rock band formed at the end of the 70s by Kevin Russell (guitar/vocals), Jim McClarty (drums), Duke McFadden

7669 Reference library
Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4 ed.)
Four New York ‘new jill swingers’ (they prefer the term ‘new ghetto revolutionary music’) with the hardcore attitude of rap,

801 Reference library
Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4 ed.)
Formed by Roxy Music guitarist Phil Manzanera (b. Philip Targett-Adams, 31 January 1951, London, England) in 1976, 801 also featured

9/11 Reference library
Jeffrey Melnick
The Grove Dictionary of American Music (2 ed.)
Almost immediately after four hijacked planes crashed on 11 September 2011 conversations started about how the tragedy should be understood

911 Reference library
Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4 ed.)
One of the most popular of the post- Take That boy bands, this UK trio comprises Jimmy Constable (b. 21