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City in Nordrhein-Westfalia, Germany. It was the birthplace and residence of Charlemagne, ruler of the Frankish Kingdom, and remained associated

Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle) is situated to the north of the Eifel massif. Its hot springs were known to the Romans, who

(town, palace) West central German town, known for its hot springs. Aachen’s significance is linked to *Charlemagne, who created

He is named after the great winged altarpiece with scenes from the Passion (c. 1510; Aachen, Domschatzkam.), painted for

(᾽Ααρών), brother of Moses and first high priest of the Israelites, plays a significant supporting role in a number of

*Karaite jurist, biblical commentator, and philosopher. His philosophical work Etz Hayyim (‘Tree of Life’) is modelled after *Maimonides’ Guide

(᾽Ααρώνιος, ᾽Ααρών), Byz. noble family descended from the last Bulgarian tsar, John Vladislav, whose wife Maria was granted the

*Muhammad’s uncle; a merchant who accepted Islam and joined in the conquest of *Mecca (630). The Abbasid

(750–1258), ruled by a dynasty whose members were descendants of the uncle of Muḥammad, al-ʿAbbās ibn ʿAbd

The Muslim Arab dynasty of the Abbasids ruled a large part of the Islamic lands in the East from 749

A word derived from Late Latin abbatissa, in turn formed by analogy from abbas (abbot father): title of

Lowest point on the Somme, the city was near the English crossing point for the battle of *Crécy (1346

An abbey was a group of buildings occupied by a regular religious community, and was always directed, unlike a convent

(c.940–1004)

Born in the Orléanais, Abbo was offered very young by his parents to the monastery of

(9th c.)

A strange war correspondent, Abbo, a monk of the monastery of Saint-Germain-des-Prés, described the siege of

A student of *Pope Silvester II, Abbo was a distinguished scholar, writing on canon *law, *hagiography, *grammar

Composed the Bella Parisiacae urbis, an epic describing the *Viking siege of *Paris (885–6), glossing the poem

The term abba, used to designate the superior of a religious community, means “father” and already contains in itself

(sometimes called compendia), found in inscriptions, papyri, and MSS, were frequently substituted for words, syllables, or the ending of words

Attested from the 13th c., the abbreviators (abreviator or breviator) were clerics in charge of drawing up minutes,