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Aachen

Aachen   Reference library

The Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2013
Subject:
Art & Architecture, History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
3,315 words
Illustration(s):
3

City in Nordrhein-Westfalia, Germany. It was the birthplace and residence of Charlemagne, ruler of the Frankish Kingdom, and remained associated

Aachen

Aachen   Reference library

Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
477 words
Illustration(s):
1

Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle) is situated to the north of the Eifel massif. Its hot springs were known to the Romans, who

Aachen

Aachen   Reference library

The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2010
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
110 words
Illustration(s):
1

(town, palace) West central German town, known for its hot springs. Aachen’s significance is linked to *Charlemagne, who created

Aaronios

Aaronios   Reference library

Alexander Kazhdan

The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
265 words
Illustration(s):
1

(᾽Ααρώνιος, ᾽Ααρών), Byz. noble family descended from the last Bulgarian tsar, John Vladislav, whose wife Maria was granted the title ...

Abbasids

Abbasids   Reference library

Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
790 words
Illustration(s):
1

The Muslim Arab dynasty of the Abbasids ruled a large part of the Islamic lands in the East from 749

Abbreviations

Abbreviations   Reference library

Ernst Gamillscheg and Alice-Mary Talbot

The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
211 words
Illustration(s):
1
(sometimes called compendia), found in inscriptions, papyri, and MSS, were frequently substituted for words, syllables, or the ending of words or single letters to save time and space. ... More
Abraham

Abraham   Reference library

Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
706 words
Illustration(s):
1

The Old Testament patriarch Abraham is a character of the first importance in Genesis (14 chapters out of 50 are

active life, contemplative life

active life, contemplative life   Reference library

Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
487 words
Illustration(s):
1

Formulated by Plato and Aristotle, the doctrine of the two lives came to terms with biblical tradition in the

Adalbert of Prague

Adalbert of Prague (c.956–997)   Reference library

Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
516 words
Illustration(s):
1

(c.956–997)

Bishop, monk and martyr, Adalbert of Prague is the great figure of the christianization of

Adam and Eve

Adam and Eve   Reference library

Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
632 words
Illustration(s):
1

Representation of our first parents was early, continuous and frequent during the Middle Ages. These images were based on

Æthelstan

Æthelstan (893/4–939)   Reference library

The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2010
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
176 words
Illustration(s):
1

King of the Anglo-Saxons (924/5–27), king of the English (927–939), son of *Edward ‘the Elder’,

Afonso IV , king of Portugal

Afonso IV , king of Portugal (1291–1357)   Reference library

The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2010
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
217 words
Illustration(s):
1

Only son of *Dinis I and Isabel, daughter of Pedro III of *Aragon. In 1309, he married Beatriz,

Africa, Prefecture of

Africa, Prefecture of   Reference library

R. Bruce Hitchner

The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
428 words
Illustration(s):
1

The diocese of Africa was first raised to the level of a prefecture for a short period, between ca.332...

Agincourt

Agincourt   Reference library

The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2010
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
112 words
Illustration(s):
1

A small village in the Pas-de-Calais which on 25 October 1415 was the site of the greatest English victory of

Agostino di Giovanni

Agostino di Giovanni (1310)   Reference library

The Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2013
Subject:
Art & Architecture, History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
1,112 words
Illustration(s):
1

He is first documented in 1310 in Siena, when he married Lagina di Nese, who was possibly a sister of

Agriculture

Agriculture   Reference library

Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
599 words
Illustration(s):
1

The main activity of medieval populations, agriculture had to provide for a diet normally composed of bread or gruel, wine

Aguilar de Campoo

Aguilar de Campoo   Reference library

The Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2013
Subject:
Art & Architecture, History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
921 words
Illustration(s):
1

Spanish town in the province of Palencia. The chief monument in the town is the monastery of S María la

Aidan of Lindisfarne, St

Aidan of Lindisfarne, St (651)   Reference library

The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2010
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
91 words
Illustration(s):
1

*Bede wrote admiringly of his life and humility while disapproving of his Irish tradition for the dating of *Easter.

Aigues-Mortes

Aigues-Mortes   Reference library

The Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2013
Subject:
Art & Architecture, History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
1,079 words
Illustration(s):
1

Town in Gard, southern France, in the north-western section of the Rhône Delta or Camargue. It is one of the

Aigues-Mortes

Aigues-Mortes   Reference library

The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2010
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
110 words
Illustration(s):
1

*Louis IX of *France chose this fishing village in the marshes of the Rhône delta in 1240 to be the

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