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9/11

9/11   Reference library

Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern World

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2008
Subject:
History, Contemporary History (post 1945)
Length:
655 words
Illustration(s):
1

The term “9/11” is shorthand for the events of 11 September 2001. On that date, four U.S. planes were

43a The History of the Book in Southeast Asia (1): The Islands

43a The History of the Book in Southeast Asia (1): The Islands   Reference library

The Oxford Companion to the Book

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2010
Subject:
History, Social sciences
Length:
2,543 words
Publisher:
Oxford University Press
Illustration(s):
1

1 General introduction 2 Writing systems 3 Dating systems 4 Book forms 5 Printed books

1 General introduction

The region of

Aachen

Aachen   Reference library

The Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2013
Subject:
Art & Architecture, History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
3,315 words
Illustration(s):
3

City in Nordrhein-Westfalia, Germany. It was the birthplace and residence of Charlemagne, ruler of the Frankish Kingdom, and remained associated

Aachen

Aachen   Reference library

The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2010
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
110 words
Illustration(s):
1

(town, palace) West central German town, known for its hot springs. Aachen’s significance is linked to *Charlemagne, who created

Aachen

Aachen   Reference library

Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
477 words
Illustration(s):
1

Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle) is situated to the north of the Eifel massif. Its hot springs were known to the Romans, who

Aaron, Hank

Aaron, Hank (b. 5 February 1934)   Reference library

Encyclopedia of African American History 1896 to the Present

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2009
Subject:
History, Regional and National History
Length:
2,478 words
Illustration(s):
1

(b. 5 February 1934),

baseball player, baseball executive, civil rights advocate, and businessman. Henry

Aaronios

Aaronios   Reference library

The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
265 words
Illustration(s):
1

(᾽Ααρώνιος, ᾽Ααρών), Byz. noble family descended from the last Bulgarian tsar, John Vladislav, whose wife Maria was granted the

aback

aback   Quick reference

The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea (2 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2007
Subject:
History, Social sciences
Length:
128 words
Illustration(s):
2
the situation of the sails of a square-rigged ship when the yards are trimmed to bring the wind to bear on their forward side. Sails are laid aback purposely to stop a ship's way through ... More
ʿAbbas Hilmi II

ʿAbbas Hilmi II (1874)   Reference library

israel gershoni

Dictionary of African Biography

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2011
Subject:
History, Regional and National History
Length:
1,155 words
Illustration(s):
1
the third and last khedive of Egypt, ruled the country from 1892 to 1914. ʿAbbas was the seventh ruler in Mehmet ʿAli’s dynasty, which was established in the early nineteenth century. ... More
῾Abbasid Caliphate

῾Abbasid Caliphate   Reference library

The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2011
Subject:
Archaeology, History
Length:
2,837 words
Illustration(s):
1

As the result of a revolution that culminated In 750ce in the defeat of the last Umayyad caliph, Marwan

Abbasids

Abbasids   Reference library

Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
790 words
Illustration(s):
1

The Muslim Arab dynasty of the Abbasids ruled a large part of the Islamic lands in the East from 749

Abbreviations

Abbreviations   Reference library

The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
211 words
Illustration(s):
1

(sometimes called compendia), found in inscriptions, papyri, and MSS, were frequently substituted for words, syllables, or the ending of words

ABDA (American-British-Dutch-Australian) command

ABDA (American-British-Dutch-Australian) command   Reference library

The Oxford Companion to Australian Military History (2 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2009
Subject:
History, Military History, Social sciences, Warfare and Defence
Length:
109 words
Illustration(s):
1

covering Burma, Malaya, the Netherlands East Indies and the Philippines (with the north-western part of Australia included from 24 January

ʿAbdel-Kader

ʿAbdel-Kader (1808)   Reference library

zahia smail salhi

Dictionary of African Biography

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2011
Subject:
History, Regional and National History
Length:
1,083 words
Illustration(s):
1
Algerian emir and anticolonialist leader, was born on 6 September 1808 near Mascara in the west of Algeria. His full name was ʿAbd al-Qadir bin Muhieddine; he is known in the Arab east as ... More
ʿAbduh, Muhammad

ʿAbduh, Muhammad (1849)   Reference library

geoffrey roper

Dictionary of African Biography

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2011
Subject:
History, Regional and National History
Length:
1,145 words
Illustration(s):
1
Egyptian Muslim theologian, modernist, and reformer, was born in the Gharbiya Province of Lower Egypt, the son of ʿAbduh ibn Hasan Khayr Allah, a peasant farmer, and his wife, who was ... More
Abila

Abila   Reference library

The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2011
Subject:
Archaeology, History
Length:
1,556 words
Illustration(s):
1

city of the Decapolis, located about 15 km (9 mi.) north-northeast of Irbid in northern Jordan. Abila has an occupational

Abiola, Moshood Kashimawo Olawale

Abiola, Moshood Kashimawo Olawale (1937)   Reference library

cajetan n. iheka

Dictionary of African Biography

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2011
Subject:
History, Regional and National History
Length:
1,319 words
Illustration(s):
1
Nigerian entrepreneur, philanthropist, politician, and publisher, was born on 24 August 1937 in the southwestern town of Egba, Abeokuta, in the present-day Ogun State, to Alhaji Salawu ... More
Abolition Movement

Abolition Movement   Reference library

Black Women in America (2 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, Regional and National History
Length:
5,091 words
Illustration(s):
1

Abolitionism

Abolitionism   Reference library

Encyclopedia of African American History, 1619–1895: From the Colonial Period to the Age of Frederick Douglass

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2009
Subject:
History, Regional and National History
Length:
5,046 words
Illustration(s):
1

[This entry contains three subentries dealing with abolitionism from the late seventeenth century through the ratification of the Thirteenth

Abolitionism

Abolitionism   Reference library

The Oxford Encyclopedia of African Thought

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2010
Subject:
History, Regional and National History, Philosophy
Length:
2,484 words
Illustration(s):
1

Abolitionism is the principle of outlawing the slave trade and the institution of slavery. In the eighteenth century, the intellectual

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