Acilius Glabrio, Manius
(RE 37)grandson of (1), son-in-law of a Scaevola (probably Q. Mucius Scaevola (1)), as tribune 122 bc passed a repetundae law providing for equites as jurors and making procedure ...
ager publicus
Public land, comprised lands acquired by Rome by conquest from her enemies or confiscation from rebellious allies. By tradition there was, as early as the 5th cent. bc, dispute between patricians and ...
agrarian laws and policy
Allocation of land by the community is attested in the Greek world at the times of new city foundations (see colonization, greek), and when land was annexed (cleruchies). There is also some evidence ...
ampliatio
Means ‘a further hearing’ and is known to us as a feature of procedure in some quaestiones and trials before recuperatores under the republic. When a certain proportion of the ...
Aventine
The southernmost hill of Rome, overlooking the Tiber. Temples here included those dedicated to Diana and to Juno Regina. Until ad 49 the hill lay outside the pomerium. The temple of Ceres, Liber (see ...
Concordia
The cult of personified harmonious agreement (Gk. homonoia) within the body politic at Rome is indicative of its absence. The first temple overlooking the Forum from the lower slopes of the ...
Cornelia
Second daughter of Cornelius Scipio Africanus, married Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus (1). Of her twelve children only three reached adulthood: Sempronia, who married Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus, and ...
decuma
In Italy, by the 2nd cent. bc, one-tenth of the grain harvest (and one-fifth of the fruit harvest) on ager publicus was paid to the state; it was collected by ...
equites
RepublicIn the republic 1,800 cavalry (equites) had their horses supplied and maintained by the state (equites equō pūblicō), and in the centuriate assembly (see comitia) they formed eighteen ...
Fannius Gaius
(RE 7),Roman politician. Son-in-law of C. Laelius (2) and pupil of Panaetius, he became tribune (?130s bc), praetor (?126), and was then elected consul for 122 with the backing ...
food supply
GreekFor Greek city‐states of the Archaic and Hellenistic periods the ethos of autarky dominated the ideology of food supply. Few Greek cities ever outgrew the food production capacities of their ...
forum Romanum
The chief public square of Rome, surrounded by monumental buildings, occupied a swampy trough between the Palatine, Velia, Quirinal, and Capitol. The area was made suitable for building in the late ...
Fulvius Flaccus, Marcus
(RE 58)supporter of Ti. Sempronius Gracchus (3) and agrarian commissioner from 130 bc. When the commission was prevented from dealing with public land held by Italians (see Cornelius Scipio ...
Furrina
Roman goddess whose relatively early importance is reflected in the festival of the Furrinalia (25 July) and the existence of a flamen Furrinalis (see flamines). Her cult at Rome was ...
Iunius Brutus Callaicus, Decimus
(RE 57)as consul 138 bc and proconsul fought successfully in Iberia (1). After triumphing over the Lusitani (see Lusitania) and Callaeci he commissioned a temple to Mars adorned with ...
Janiculum
The prominent ridge on the west bank of the Tiber at Rome, some 6 km. (3½ mi.) long; the name was anciently connected with Janus. The place was an early ...
Latin epigraphy
The study of Latin texts inscribed on durable objects, usually of stone or bronze. It is concerned both with the form of the inscriptions and with their content, and so impinges on many other fields, ...
lex
It is clear from Priscian, Institutes 2. 49–50=2. 75 Keil, that the concept of leges frumentariae, agrariae, nummariae, and so on (see below) was familiar to the Romans. We discuss ...
Licinius Crassus Dives Mucianus, Publius
(RE 72)by birth brother of P. Mucius Scaevola; brother-in-law of Ap. Claudius Pulcher (1) and father-in-law of C. Sempronius Gracchus. Noble, wealthy, and an eminent lawyer and orator (cf. ...
Livius Drusus, Marcus
(RE 17)probably a descendant of L. Aemilius Paullus (1) and M. Livius Salinator, as tribune (122 bc) combined with the consul C. Fannius in exploiting the people's reluctance to ...
