Overview
Bertrand Russell
(1872—1970) philosopher, journalist, and political campaigner
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Appeal of Nobel Peace Prize Laureates
As the number of Nobel Peace Prize winners and Nobel laureates increased in the twentieth century, individual and groups of laureates began the practice of issuing statements or appeals linked ...
Committee of 100
The Committee of 100 was launched in Britain in October 1960 with a public appeal from the philosopher Bertrand Russell and anti-apartheid campaigner Reverend Michael Scott for mass civil ...
International Campaigns for Nuclear Disarmament
The struggle against nuclear weapons began even before they existed.1945–1954During World War II, many scientists working on the Manhattan Project (the U.S. effort to produce an atomic bomb) ...
Pacifism in World War I
The mythical images of August 1914 leave little room for pacifists: a major peace leader Jean Jaures had been killed; German socialists had voted for war credits. Among cheering crowds ...
Peace Research
[This entry contains six subentries: History; Beginnings; 1990 to Present; Focus of Peace Research on State; Journals; and Institutions.]The history of peace research has been drawn following diverse ...
Professional Movements against Nuclear Weapons
Throughout the nuclear age, various antinuclear professional movements have emerged. These professional groups, which typically started first in Western countries and then spread worldwide, provided ...
Pugwash conferences
A series of international conferences first held in Pugwash (a village in Nova Scotia) in 1957 by scientists to promote the peaceful application of scientific discoveries.
Russell-Einstein Manifesto
The Russell-Einstein Manifesto (9 July 195) was a powerful statement against nuclear weapons and war in the nuclear age. It was ultimately signed by eleven eminent scientists from both the ...
Traditions of Peace
Several attempts have been made to develop typologies or classifications of peace traditions, including several by the author of this entry. While this may limit the exercise, the traditions dealt ...
World War I and Peace Movements, 1914–1918
World War I was an event of cataclysmic proportions. Bursting on an unsuspecting continental Europe in August 1914, fierce fighting spread worldwide over four years, involved more than twenty nations ...
