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battle of Killiecrankie
(27 July 1689)A battle fought in a narrow densely wooded pass near Pitlochry in Scotland when John Graham of Claverhouse, Viscount Dundee, led the first Jacobite attempt to restore James II to the ...
battle of Sedgemoor
A battle fought in 1685 on the plain of Sedgemoor in Somerset, in which the forces of the rebel Duke of Monmouth, who had landed in Dorset as champion of the Protestant cause and pretender to the ...
Battle of the Boyne
(1 July 1690)A major defeat for the Stuart cause which confirmed William III's control over Ireland. It took place near Drogheda, where the recently deposed James II and his Irish and French forces ...
Bill of Rights
(1689)A declaration and Act of Parliament stating the conditions upon which William III and Mary were to become joint sovereigns of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Its major provisions were that the ...
Exclusion crisis
A period of intense political strife during 1679–81 generated by the attempt to bar Charles II's catholic brother James, duke of York, from the succession. Widespread apprehension that James would ...
Glorious Revolution
Title given to the revolution of 1688–9, which resulted in the ‘abdication’ of James II and the succession of William III and Mary II. Participants had differing objectives. Tories and Anglican ...
house of Stuart
One of Europe's most resilient royal dynasties, the Stewart or Stuart family ruled Scotland in direct descent from 1371 to 1688, inheriting also the thrones of England and Ireland in 1603. The family ...
Jacob Leisler
(1640–91)US rebel, who migrated from Germany to New Amsterdam in 1660. Leisler and other merchants resented English control of the colony from 1664. As a militia officer in the Glorious Revolution in ...
Jacobitism
Was a series of political movements which supported the restoration of the exiled house of Stuart after James II had been ousted from the throne at the Glorious Revolution in 1688 and had fled to ...
James II (1430–60) Quick reference
World Encyclopedia
King of Scotland (1437–60), son and successor of James I. His minority was dominated by aristocratic factions,
James III
(1452–88),king of Scots (1460–88). The eldest of the three sons of James II and Mary of Gueldres, James was born at St Andrews in May 1452. His father's death at the siege of Roxburgh (August 1460) ...
Mary II
(1662–94),queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1689–94). Mary was the elder daughter of James, duke of York, by his first wife Anne Hyde, daughter of the earl of Clarendon, Charles II's first ...
Monmouth's rebellion
(1685)An insurrection in south-west England against James II, led by the Duke of Monmouth, illegitimate son of Charles II. The Duke of Argyll led a revolt in Scotland against James and persuaded ...
Nine Years War
(1688–97)Also known as the War of the Grand Alliance, a conflict that resulted from French aggression in the Rhineland, and that subsequently became a power struggle between Louis XIV of France and ...
pretender
A person who puts themself forward as having a rightful claim to someone else's throne. False claims have been put forward by such pretenders as Lambert Simnel and Perkin Warbeck, who claimed the ...
1st earl of Godolphin, Sidney Godolphin
(1645–1712)English statesman who gave loyal service to Charles II, James II, and Queen Anne. Although he maintained close links with the Jacobites, he served William III until he quarrelled with his ...
Test Act
Laws that made the holding of public office in Britain conditional upon subscribing to the established religion. Although Scotland imposed such a law in 1567, the harsh laws against recusants in ...
Tory
A member of a British political party traditionally opposed to the Whigs. In the political crisis of 1679 royalist supporters, who opposed the recall of Parliament and supported the Stuart ...
Ulster
The northern province of Ireland, comprising the counties of Antrim, Down, Armagh, Cavan, Monaghan, Fermanagh, Donegal, Tyrone, and Londonderry. The Norman intrusion was both socially and ...
War of the Spanish Succession
(1701–13)A conflict that arose on the death of the childless Charles II of Spain in 1700. One of his sisters had married Louis XIV, the other Emperor Leopold, so both the French Bourbons and the ...
