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  • Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE) x
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1000-600 BCE

1000-600 BCE: c. 1000 BCE - c. 600 BCE  

Reference type:
Timeline
Current Version:
2012
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE)
The Jews write down the Torah, the earliest part of the text subsequently known to Christians as the Old Testament
1st century BCE

1st century BCE: c. 100 BCE - CE 1  

Reference type:
Timeline
Current Version:
2012
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE)
The Essenes, a Jewish sect, withdraw from secular life to form monastic communities in the desert
2nd century BCE

2nd century BCE: c. 200 BCE - c. 100 BCE  

Reference type:
Timeline
Current Version:
2012
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE)
Cement is in use for construction in Asia Minor, possibly developed first in Pergamum
3100-1000 BCE

3100-1000 BCE: c. 3100 BCE - c. 1000 BCE  

Reference type:
Timeline
Current Version:
2012
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE)
Sumer develops as the first centre of Mesopotamian civilization
3rd century BCE

3rd century BCE: c. 300 BCE - c. 200 BCE  

Reference type:
Timeline
Current Version:
2012
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE)
Vishnu, Shiva and Brahma emerge as India's trio of main gods, with the Vedic religion of the Aryans evolving into Hinduism
4th century BCE

4th century BCE: c. 400 BCE - c. 300 BCE  

Reference type:
Timeline
Current Version:
2012
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE)
Hippocrates, on the Greek island of Kos, founds an influential school of medicine
5th century BCE

5th century BCE: c. 500 BCE - c. 400 BCE  

Reference type:
Timeline
Current Version:
2012
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE)
A Persian rug, woven with a knotted pile, is placed in the tomb of a Scythian chieftain and survives to this day
6th century BCE

6th century BCE: c. 600 BCE - c. 500 BCE  

Reference type:
Timeline
Current Version:
2012
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE)
The choros, originally danced in a circle by temple virgins, is the centrepiece of the developing Greek theatre
‘A’isha bt. Abi Bakr

‘A’isha bt. Abi Bakr   Reference library

Nancy Khalek

The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2018
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE), Classical studies
Length:
120 words
One of the wives of *Muhammad and the daughter of the first *caliph, *Abu Bakr (r. 622–4). She died in 678. She married Muhammad at the age of 9, and was his close confidante. She was also ... More
‘A’isha bt. Talha

‘A’isha bt. Talha   Reference library

Nancy Khalek

The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2018
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE), Classical studies
Length:
51 words

Daughter of *Muhammad’s *Companion *Talha b. ‘Ubayd Allah. She was also the niece of *‘A’isha bt. Abi Bakr...

A-group

A-group   Reference library

The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE)
Length:
1,355 words

the archaeological designation for an indigenous Nubian culture; the term “A-Group” was introduced by George A. Reisner (1910)

Aachen ambo ivories

Aachen ambo ivories   Reference library

John Hanson

The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2018
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE), Classical studies
Length:
107 words

The *ambo at the cathedral in Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle) is embellished with six *ivories probably of the early 8th century from Late Antique ...

Aaron

Aaron   Reference library

Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2008
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE), Religion
Length:
1,315 words

The figure of Aaron, his ancestry, and his rise to priestly prominence is treated rather tersely in the Bible. Though

Ab Actis

Ab Actis   Reference library

Alexander Skinner

The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2018
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE), Classical studies
Length:
48 words

A senior member of the *officium of a *Praefectus Praetorio, *Praefectus Urbi, *Vicarius, or provincial *...

Aba I, Mar

Aba I, Mar (552)   Reference library

J. F. Coakley

The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2018
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE), Classical studies
Length:
313 words

Author and *catholicus of the *Church of the East. He was a former Persian official converted from *...

Abasgia

Abasgia   Reference library

Manana Odisheli

The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2018
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE), Classical studies
Length:
285 words

Abasgia occupied the north-east shore of the Black Sea. It was part of Colchis where the *cities of Gyenos (Ochamchire), ...

‘Abbasids

‘Abbasids ((in Umayyad times))   Reference library

Konstantin Klein and Andrew Marsham

The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2018
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE), Classical studies
Length:
275 words
Caliphal dynasty (750–1258) who seized the *caliphate from the *Umayyads in the so-called ‘Abbasid Revolution of 747–50. The ‘Abbasids took their eponym from their ancestor al-‘Abbas (d. ... More
Abbayei

Abbayei (278–338)   Reference library

Isaiah Gafni

The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2018
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE), Classical studies
Length:
225 words
Head of the Babylonian rabbinic academy of *Pumbedita. Following the early deaths of his parents, Abbayei was raised by his uncle Rabbah bar Nahmani, who may have applied the nickname ... More
Abbo

Abbo (751)   Reference library

Hans Hummer

The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2018
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE), Classical studies
Length:
70 words

Rector of Maurienne and Susa (726) and probably *Patricius of *Provence (739–c.751). He founded the *...

‘Abd al-Hamid b. Yahya al-Katib

‘Abd al-Hamid b. Yahya al-Katib (750)   Reference library

Adrian de Gifis

The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2018
Subject:
History, Ancient history (non-classical to 500 CE), Classical studies
Length:
244 words

Secretary for the Umayyad caliphs *Hisham b. ‘Abd al-Malik b. Marwan (r. 724–43) and *Marwan II (r. 744–50). His early education probably covered the ...

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