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date: 22 May 2025

fortifications 

Source:
The Oxford Classical Dictionary
Author(s):
Ian Archibald RichmondIan Archibald Richmond, Eric William MarsdenEric William Marsden, Richard Allan TomlinsonRichard Allan Tomlinson, A. Simon Esmonde ClearyA. Simon Esmonde Cleary

In the Aegean area small towns with perimeter walls appear early in the bronze age (Khalandriani). More usual is the fortified acropolis, increasingly developed in the troubled times of the late bronze age (...Early Roman fortifications derived from Etruscan and Greek antecedents, which were both a defence and a civic monument. For the early wall of Rome attributed to Servius Tullius (6th cent. ... ...

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