Marxism after communism.
Eastern European and Soviet communism as a political system collapsed after the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989. Marxism understood as the philosophical basis of this system collapsed at the same time. Whether or not a philosophy can be taken as refuted by a political system's defeat in a kind of war, something like this has been accepted. Leninist Marxism (one-party rule in the name of the working class) and Stalinist Marxism (the ‘planned economy’ and ‘socialism in one country’) have all but vanished. Elements of this conjuncture of theory with practice were preserved in Cuba, Vietnam, North Korea, and China. Elsewhere Marxism survives as a politically engaged philosophy.... ...
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