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date: 24 June 2025

Libya. 

Source:
The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern World
Author(s):
Ronald Bruce St JohnRonald Bruce St John

Libya occupies a region of the African continent subject since the beginning of recorded history to successive waves of empire builders. Repeatedly it was a colony, state, or province ruled from Africa, Asia, or Europe. With formidable land and sea barriers, foreign rule was mostly confined to the Mediterranean coastland, with the interior of the country populated by long-established and largely independent Berber communities. A countryside rich in the haunting ruins of its Phoenician, Greek, Roman, Byzantine, Ottoman, and Italian occupiers remains one of the few positive results of this long history of subjugation to external domination and influence.... ...

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