Emancipation Proclamation
(1863).Issued by President Abraham Lincoln on 1 January 1863, the Emancipation Proclamation declared that all slaves, in states or portions of states in rebellion against the United States, “are and henceforward shall be free.” The president thus freed slaves in Arkansas, Texas, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, and parts of Virginia and Louisiana. Lincoln exempted those states remaining loyal to the Union, such as Maryland, and portions of Confederate states occupied by U.S. troops. Lincoln justified the proclamation by citing military necessity.... ...
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