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date: 18 March 2025

Danglers. 

Source:
Garner's Modern English Usage
Author(s):

Bryan Garner

So-called danglers are ordinarily unattached participles—either present participles (ending in -ing) or past participles (ending usually in -ed)—that do not relate syntactically to the nouns they are supposed to modify. That is, when the antecedent of a participle doesn't appear where it logically should, the participle is said to “dangle”—e.g.: “... ...

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