
a- Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
Prefix denoting absence of, lacking, without; e.g. atoxic (not poisonous), abacterial (without bacteria).

abapical adj. Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
Opposite to or directly away from the *apex.

abarticulation n. Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
The displacement or *dislocation of a bone from its normal position (e.g. the *temporomandibular joint).

Abbé–Estlander operation Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
[R. Abbé (1851–1928), American surgeon; J. A. Estlander (1831–81), Finnish surgeon] A full thickness flap

ABCDE approach Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
The method of assessment of critically ill patients and those suffering from cardiorespiratory arrest. A = Airway, B = Breathing,

abdomen n. Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
That part of the body cavity below the chest and separated from it by the diaphragm. It contains a number

abduction n. Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
Movement away from the midline; e.g. the lateral rectus muscle is an abductor of the eye.

aberrant adj. Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
Deviating from the normal. Usually applied to a blood vessel or nerve that fails to follow its normal course.

abfraction n. Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
The loss of tooth structure in the *cervical region of the *crown of a tooth. Some research studies

ablation n. Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
The removal or excision of a piece of tissue, usually by surgery. Surface ablation of the skin may be carried

abrasion n. Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
1. The non-bacterial loss of tooth tissue due to frictional wear by extrinsic agents. Common causes are *toothbrushing,

abrasive n. Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
A material used to smooth or roughen a softer material by mechanical wear. It may be delivered in a high

abscess n. Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
A localized accumulation of *pus in a cavity caused by tissue breakdown as a result of infection or foreign

absorbable gelatin(e) sponge n. Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
A material applied topically to aid *haemostasis, usually following a dental extraction. It provides a structure for clot

absorbent adj. Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
Describing a material capable of taking up other substances by suction e.g. an absorbent paper point.

absorption n. Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
The passage of one substance to another by penetration or solution. For example, the passage of liquids into the mucosa,

absorption layer n. Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
An amorphous zone on the dentine surface into which adhesive agents can flow. See also

abuse v. Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
Inappropriate use or treatment of materials, techniques, persons, programmes, or language. See also

abut v. Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
To touch or border upon. To have a common boundary.

abutment n. Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry
A tooth, tooth root, or implant used to support a fixed or removable *prosthesis (bridge or partial denture). It