abducens nerve Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
The sixth cranial nerve. It innervates the ipsilateral lateral rectus muscle, resulting in *abduction of the eye.
abduction Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
Horizontal movement of the eye outwards (away from the nose).
abnormal retinal correspondence Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
A cortical mechanism to remap anatomically non-corresponding points of each retina to stimulate functionally corresponding points in the *occipital
accommodation Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
The process by which the eye changes focus from distant to near objects through conformational changes in the ciliary muscle
accommodative convergence : accommodation (AC : A) ratio Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
The measure of accommodative convergence per unit of accommodation. Convergence and accommodation are related neurologically, but the AC : A ratio varies
achromatopsia Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
An inherited disorder of *cone photoreceptor function in which all three subtypes are lacking or non-functional. Incomplete and complete
acute angle closure glaucoma Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
A condition in which there is *acute primary angle closure (APAC) leading to sufficiently sustained *intraocular pressure to
acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
A rare condition characterized by bilateral cream-coloured placoid lesions of the posterior fundus. The lesions arise at the level of
acute primary angle closure Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
A condition characterized by acute presentation with severe ocular pain, redness, and a fixed semidilated pupil associated with a very
acute retinal necrosis Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
A rare syndrome of necrotizing retinitis caused by varicella zoster virus or herpes simplex virus (type 1 or 2). In
adaptive optics Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
An imaging technique which utilizes real-time measurement of optical aberrations via a wavefront sensor and subsequent compensation by highly deformable
adduction Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
Horizontal movement of the eye inwards (i.e. towards the nose).
Adie’s pupil Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
A pupil with abnormal parasympathetic innervation, which typically results in *mydriasis, poor constriction to light, and exaggerated but
adult vitelliform macular dystrophy Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
An uncommon macular condition arising in adulthood, characterized by bilateral round yellow symmetrical subretinal lesions at the fovea. It has
age-related macular degeneration Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
A very common blinding condition of the older population arising primarily from changes in the *photoreceptor and RPE layers
agonist Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
A term describing extraocular muscles; the primary extraocular muscle that moves an eye in a particular direction, and in the
albinism Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
Abnormalities in the synthesis of melanin affecting the eye alone (ocular albinism) or eye, skin, and hair (oculocutaneous albinism).
alphabet patterns Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
Forms of *strabismus in which horizontal deviations vary in size according to vertical direction of gaze. They are so
amblyopia Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
A common developmental defect of central visual processing leading to reduced vision in one or both eyes, occurring secondary to
ametropia Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ophthalmology
The presence of *refractive error, resulting in the failure of the eye to focus light from an object
