
Aachen, Hans von (1552–1615) Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
(1552–1615),
German painter, born in Cologne, the son of a native of Aachen. He studied and worked in

Aal, Johannes (c.1500–1551) Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
(c.1500–1551),
Swiss playwright. Aal's Catholic convictions forced him into exile in Freiburg im Breisgau. When the Catholic

abacus Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
The abacus uses counters to carry out operations in arithmetic. In the Renaissance the instrument usually took the form of

abacus schools Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
From the late thirteenth century onwards, many towns and guilds paid an ‘abacus master’ to teach mathematics to a given

Abaquesne, Masséot (fl.1528–64) Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
(fl.1528–64),
French potter who established the manufacturing of Faience in Rouen. His workshop specialized in tile pavements

Abravanel, Isaac (1437–1508) Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
(1437–1508),
Portuguese Jewish statesman, banker, and scholar, born in Lisbon and educated in both rabbinical and Latin learning.

Abril, Pedro Simón (c.1530–c.1595) Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
(c.1530–c.1595),
Spanish humanist, born in Alcaraz (La Mancha). Abril taught for 25 years at Zaragoza

academies Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
The learned societies of Renaissance Europe adopted the term ‘academy’ in imitation of the Academy established by Plato, whose

Acanthus Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
A Mediterranean plant for which the English vernacular name is bear's breech. The scalloped leaves of Acanthus spinosus were, according

Acarie, Barbe Jeanne (1566–1618) Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
(1566–1618),
French Carmelite, born in Paris, the daughter of a royal councillor, and educated by the Poor Clares

Acciaiuoli, Donato (1429–78) Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
(1429–78),
Florentine scholar and statesman, a scion of the Acciaiuoli family. He studied Greek with John Argyropoulos

Acciaiuoli family Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
Members of the Acciaiuoli family migrated to Florence from Bergamo in the twelfth century, and established themselves in business and

Accolti family Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
The Arezzo family of the Accolti produced jurists, churchmen, and writers for centuries. The family had already produced several distinguished

Accoramboni, Vittoria (1557–85) Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
(1557–85),
Born in Gubbio on 15 February 1557; she moved to Rome as a child, and at

Ackermann, Hans Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
(fl. 1530s),
German author of two biblical plays performed in Zwickau; both Der verlorene Sohn (1536) and

Acontius, Jacobus (1492–1566) Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
(1492–1566),
Tolerationist theologian and engineer. He was born in Trento (Trentino) and migrated to escape persecution, first to

acorn cup Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
In late sixteenth- and early seventeenth-century England, a stemmed cup made of silver or gold in which the bowl and

Acosta, José de (1539–1600) Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
(1539–1600),
Spanish missionary and naturalist, born in Medina del Campo; he joined the Jesuits in 1551. In

Acuña, Fernando de (c.1520–c.1580) Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
(c.1520–c.1580),
Spanish soldier, poet, and translator, born in Valladolid; he served as a soldier in

Adamson, Patrick (1537–92) Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance
(1537–92).
Created archbishop of St Andrews in 1576 and ambassador to London between 1583 and 1584, Adamson